How discordant morphological and molecular evolution among microorganisms can revise our notions of biodiversity on Earth.

How discordant morphological and molecular evolution among microorganisms can revise our notions of biodiversity on Earth.
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DOI:
10.1002/bies.201400056
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发表时间:
2014-10
期刊:
影响因子:
4
通讯作者:
Katz, Laura A.
Katz, Laura A.
中科院分区:
生物学3区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Lahr, Daniel J. G.;Laughinghouse, Haywood Dail;Oliverio, Angela M.;Gao, Feng;Katz, Laura A.

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显微镜显示了细菌和真核生物形式的巨大多样性。最近的分子分析显示,基于形态分析对生物多样性的估计不一致。此外,对微生物形式多样性的系统发育分析显示,有证据表明在跨域的规模上存在趋同--即细菌和真核生物共享的趋同形式。在这里,我们突出这种不一致的例子,集中在典型的谱系,如遗嘱阿米巴,纤毛虫和蓝藻,它们有很长的形态研究历史。我们讨论两个类别的例子:1)形态相同(或高度相似)的遗传不同个体和2)形态不同的遗传不同个体。我们认为,关于不一致性的假设可以用中性形态的概念来检验,或者更广泛的中性表型,作为零假设。
Microscopy has revealed a tremendous diversity of bacterial and eukaryotic forms. More recent molecular analyses show discordance in estimates of biodiversity based on morphological analyses. Moreover, phylogenetic analyses of the diversity of microbial forms have revealed evidence of convergence at scales as large as interdomain – i.e. convergent forms shared between bacteria and eukaryotes. Here, we highlight examples of such discordance, focusing on exemplary lineages such as testate amoebae, ciliates and cyanobacteria, which have long histories of morphological study. We discuss examples in two categories: 1) morphologically identical (or highly similar) individuals that are genetically distinct and 2) morphologically distinct individuals that are genetically distinct. We argue that hypotheses about discordance can be tested using the concept of neutral morphologies, or more broadly neutral phenotypes, as a null hypothesis.
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