Prevalence of Human Papillomavirus Among Females After Vaccine Introduction-National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, United States, 2003-2014.
Prevalence of Human Papillomavirus Among Females After Vaccine Introduction-National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, United States, 2003-2014.
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DOI:
10.1093/infdis/jix244
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发表时间:
2017-09-01
期刊:
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Markowitz LE
中科院分区:
文献类型:
--
作者:
Oliver SE;Unger ER;Lewis R;McDaniel D;Gargano JW;Steinau M;Markowitz LE
Human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine was recommended in 2006 for routine vaccination of US females aged 11–12 years. Most vaccine used through 2014 was quadrivalent vaccine (4vHPV), which prevents HPV-6, -11, -16, and -18 infection. To evaluate vaccine impact, we measured HPV prevalence in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). We analyzed HPV DNA types detected in self-collected cervicovaginal specimens and demographic, sexual behavior, and self-reported vaccination data from females 14–34 years old. We estimated HPV prevalence in the prevaccine (2003–2006) and vaccine eras (2007–2010 and 2011–2014). Among 14- to 19-year-olds, 4vHPV-type prevalence decreased from 11.5% (95% confidence interval [CI], 9.1%–14.4%) in 2003–2006 to 3.3% (95% CI, 1.9%–5.8%) in 2011–2014, when ≥1-dose coverage was 55%. Among 20- to 24-year-olds, prevalence decreased from 18.5% (95% CI, 14.9%–22.8%) in 2003–2006 to 7.2% (95% CI, 4.7%–11.1%) in 2011–2014, when ≥1-dose coverage was 43%. Compared to 2003–2006, 4vHPV prevalence in sexually active 14- to 24-year-olds in 2011–2014 decreased 89% among those vaccinated and 34% among those unvaccinated. Vaccine effectiveness was 83%. Within 8 years of vaccine introduction, 4vHPV-type prevalence decreased 71% among 14- to 19-year-olds and 61% among 20- to 24-year-olds. Estimated vaccine effectiveness was high. The decrease in 4vHPV-type prevalence among unvaccinated females suggests herd protection.
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