CUBES: the Cassegrain U-band Efficient Spectrograph

CUBES: the Cassegrain U-band Efficient Spectrograph
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CUBES:卡塞格伦 U 波段高效摄谱仪

DOI:
10.1117/12.2629990
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发表时间:
2022
期刊:
--
影响因子:
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通讯作者:
Cristiani S
Cristiani S
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作者:
Cristiani S

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在超大望远镜时代,在可预见的未来,目前这一代8-10米的设施很可能在地面紫外线波长上保持竞争力。卡塞格伦u波段高效摄谱仪(CUBES)设计用于在近紫外波段(305-400 nm要求,300-420 nm目标)提供高效率(bbb40 %)观测,光谱分辨能力为r> 2 000(低分辨率,天空限制模式为R ~7 000)。由于设计的重点是最大限度地提高仪器的吞吐量(确保U ~18.5等天体在1小时的观测中在313 nm处每个高分辨率元件的信噪比(SNR)为20),它将为天体物理学的许多领域提供新的可能性,提供对恒星光谱关键线的访问:铁峰和重元素、轻元素(特别是铍)和轻元素分子(CO、CN、OH)的巨大多样性,以及巴尔默线和巴尔默跳(对年轻的恒星物体尤其重要)。紫外范围在星系外研究中也很重要:遥远星系的星系周围介质,不同类型的源对宇宙紫外背景的贡献,相对透明星系间介质中H2和原始氘的测量,以及爆炸瞬变的后续研究。CUBES项目于2021年6月完成了a阶段概念设计,目前已进入详细设计和施工阶段。第一次科学行动计划在2028年进行。
In the era of Extremely Large Telescopes, the current generation of 8-10m facilities are likely to remain competitive at ground-UV wavelengths for the foreseeable future. The Cassegrain U-Band Efficient Spectrograph (CUBES) has been designed to provide high-efficiency (> 40%) observations in the near UV (305-400 nm requirement, 300-420 nm goal) at a spectral resolving power of R >20, 000 (with a lower-resolution, sky-limited mode of R ~7, 000). With the design focusing on maximizing the instrument throughput (ensuring a Signal to Noise Ratio (SNR) ~20 per high-resolution element at 313 nm for U ~18.5 mag objects in 1h of observations), it will offer new possibilities in many fields of astrophysics, providing access to key lines of stellar spectra: a tremendous diversity of iron-peak and heavy elements, lighter elements (in particular Beryllium) and light-element molecules (CO, CN, OH), as well as Balmer lines and the Balmer jump (particularly important for young stellar objects). The UV range is also critical in extragalactic studies: the circumgalactic medium of distant galaxies, the contribution of different types of sources to the cosmic UV background, the measurement of H2 and primordial Deuterium in a regime of relatively transparent intergalactic medium, and follow-up of explosive transients. The CUBES project completed a Phase A conceptual design in June 2021 and has now entered the detailed design and construction phase. First science operations are planned for 2028.
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发表时间: 2016
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