Evaluation of a prison violence prevention program: impacts on violent and non-violent prison infractions.
Evaluation of a prison violence prevention program: impacts on violent and non-violent prison infractions.
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DOI：
10.1186/s40621-023-00450-9
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发表时间：
2023-07-24
影响因子：
2.2
通讯作者：
Naumann RB
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Remch M;Swink G;Mautz C;Austin AE;Naumann RB
在监狱中犯下暴力行为的个人往往被安置在被称为限制性住房的高度控制的环境中（即，单独监禁），这可能对身心健康造成严重后果，而且不会减少暴力。因此，北卡罗来纳州监狱引入了改造性分流单位，以减少限制性住房的使用和减少监狱中的暴力。我们评估了RDU对监狱违规行为的影响。我们比较了在RDU登记的男性和有资格参加RDU但被安置在限制性住房中的男性的违规类型（包括暴力违规）的比率。我们还通过比较这两组男性在项目完成后，当他们回到普通监狱时，第一次违规的风险，评估了项目的持续影响。最后，我们比较了第一次晋升的风险，以限制较少的监管水平（中等监管）时，这些人已经返回到一般监狱人口。主要分析队列由3128名男性组成，贡献了897，822人日。RDU组的校正暴力侵害率低于RHCP组（校正率比：0.6; 95%CI：0.4，1.1）。与RHCP相比，RDU期间所有其他类别的违规行为（包括药物相关违规行为）发生率更高。在持续的程序影响的分析中，对于大多数类别的违规行为，RDU和RHCP后的首次违规行为的危害没有差异。然而，RDU后发生暴力性心肌梗死的风险高于RHCP后（调整后风险比：2.1; 95% CI：1.1，4.0）。与RHCP后相比，RDU后（调整后风险比：17.4; 95%CI：7.2，42.2）提升至限制性较低的监管水平的风险更高。我们发现RDU计划可能有效地减少了参与该计划的男性的暴力行为，但这些好处并没有持续下去。持续的方案拟订可能是一个有用的工具，可以使男子从区域发展股的方案拟订密集环境过渡到一般监狱人口。此外，我们建议扩大对物质使用障碍的循证治疗。在线版本包含补充材料，可通过10.1186/s40621-023-00450-9获得。
Individuals who commit acts of violence in prisons are often placed in highly controlled environments called restrictive housing (i.e., solitary confinement), which can have severe physical and mental health consequences and does not reduce violence. As such, North Carolina prisons have introduced the rehabilitative diversion unit (RDU) to reduce the use of restrictive housing and reduce violence in prison. We evaluated the effect of the RDU on prison infractions. We compared rates of infractions by type (including violent infractions) among men enrolled in the RDU and men who were eligible for the RDU but placed in restrictive housing for control purposes (RHCP). We also evaluated sustained program impacts by comparing the hazard of first infraction among these same two groups of men after program completion, when they had returned to the general prison population. Finally, we compared the hazard of first promotion to a less restrictive custody level (medium custody) when these men had returned to the general prison population. The primary analytic cohort was made up of 3128 men contributing 897,822 person-days. Adjusted rates of violent infractions were lower in the RDU than in RHCP (adjusted rate ratio: 0.6; 95% CI: 0.4, 1.1). All other categories of infractions, including drug-related infractions, occurred at higher rates during RDU, as compared to RHCP. In analyses of sustained program impacts, for most categories of infractions, there were no differences in the hazard of first infraction post-RDU and post-RHCP. However, the hazard of violent infraction post-RDU was higher (adjusted hazard ratio: 2.1; 95% CI: 1.1, 4.0) than post-RHCP. The hazard of promotion to a less restrictive custody level was higher post-RDU (adjusted hazard ratio: 17.4; 95% CI: 7.2, 42.2) than post-RHCP. We found the RDU program may be effective in reducing violence for men enrolled in the program, but that these benefits were not sustained. Continued programming may be a useful tool to transition men from the programmatically intensive environment of the RDU to the general prison population. Additionally, we recommend the expansion of evidence-based treatment for substance use disorder. The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s40621-023-00450-9.
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影响因子：
2.1
作者：
Haney, C
通讯作者：
Haney, C
影响因子：
3
作者：
Gaes, Gerald G.;Camp, Scott D.
通讯作者：
Camp, Scott D.
影响因子：
2.1
作者：
MCCORKLE, RC;MIETHE, TD;DRASS, KA
通讯作者：
DRASS, KA
影响因子：
4.2
作者：
Keen, Claire;Young, Jesse T.;Kinner, Stuart A.
通讯作者：
Kinner, Stuart A.
影响因子：
6
作者：
Bukten, Anne;Stavseth, Marianne Riksheim;Clausen, Thomas
通讯作者：
Clausen, Thomas