Bench-to-bedside review: nitric oxide in critical illness--update 2008.
Bench-to-bedside review: nitric oxide in critical illness--update 2008.
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DOI：
10.1186/cc7706
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发表时间：
2009
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Cinel I
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Hollenberg SM;Cinel I
一氧化氮（NO）是一种独特且几乎无处不在的分子，被广泛用作全身细胞的信号分子。NO具有高度扩散性、不稳定性和多重反应性，非常适合作为多种生物过程的重要调节剂，包括血管张力和通透性、血小板粘附、神经传递和线粒体呼吸。NO可以保护细胞免受抗氧化损伤，抑制白细胞粘附，参与抗微生物防御，但也有有害作用，包括抑制酶功能，促进DNA损伤，激活炎症过程。这种分子的化学性质决定了它的生物活性，可以是直接的，也可以是间接的。此外，一氧化氮在许多细胞中具有双峰效应，在低剂量下维持体内平衡，并在其他细胞中参与病理生理。一氧化氮调节的扰动参与了重症监护病房中最重要和最普遍的疾病过程，包括败血症、急性肺损伤和多器官衰竭。鉴于NO无处不在、高度扩散和混杂反应，其调控是复杂的。细胞内外的NO浓度、动力学和定位显然是关键因素。在本次更新中，我们回顾了一些研究，这些研究对这些复杂但重要的问题提供了重要的信息。解释这些和其他旨在阐明NO的生理和病理生理作用的研究必须考虑到这种复杂性。NO在这些疾病中的作用的全面审查超出了当前手稿的范围；本文将重点介绍一氧化氮在健康和疾病中的复杂作用的最新进展。
Nitric oxide (NO) is a unique and nearly ubiquitous molecule that is widely utilized as a signaling molecule in cells throughout the body. NO is highly diffusible, labile, and multiply reactive, suiting it well for its role as an important regulator of a number of diverse biologic processes, including vascular tone and permeability, platelet adhesion, neurotransmission, and mitochondrial respiration. NO can protect cells against antioxidant injury, can inhibit leukocyte adhesion, and can participate in antimicrobial defense, but can also have deleterious effects, including inhibition of enzyme function, promotion of DNA damage, and activation of inflammatory processes. This molecule's chemistry dictates its biologic activity, which can be both direct and indirect. In addition, NO has bimodal effects in a number of cells, maintaining homeostasis at low doses, and participating in pathophysiology in others. Perturbation of NO regulation is involved in the most important and prevalent disease processes in critical care units, including sepsis, acute lung injury, and multiple organ failure. Given that NO is ubiquitous, highly diffusible, and promiscuously reactive, its regulation is complex. The NO concentration, kinetics, and localization, both inside and outside the cell, are clearly crucial factors. In the present update we review a selection of studies that have yielded important information on these complex but important issues. Interpretation of these and other studies aimed at elucidating physiologic and pathophysiologic roles of NO must take this complexity into account. A full review of the role of NO in these diseases is beyond the scope of the current manuscript; the present article will focus on recent advances in understanding the complex role of NO in health and disease.
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影响因子：
37.8
作者：
Dejam, Andre;Hunter, Christian J.;Gladwin, Mark T.
通讯作者：
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DOI：
10.1152/ajpregu.00432.2003
发表时间：
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作者：
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