Oxidative stress in chronic lung disease: From mitochondrial dysfunction to dysregulated redox signaling.
Oxidative stress in chronic lung disease: From mitochondrial dysfunction to dysregulated redox signaling.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.mam.2018.08.001
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发表时间：
2018-10
影响因子：
10.6
通讯作者：
Anathy V
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
van der Vliet A;Janssen-Heininger YMW;Anathy V
肺是一个脆弱的器官，表面积大，持续暴露在外部环境中，因此极易受到外源性氧化应激的影响。此外，它的大约40种细胞类型中的每一种都可以产生活性氧（ROS），作为细胞代谢的副产物，并以更受NOX酶调节的方式产生活性氧，具有宿主防御、免疫调节和细胞增殖或分化的功能。为了有效调节外源性和内源性ROS的生物作用，各种酶和非酶抗氧化防御系统存在于所有类型的肺细胞中，以提供足够的保护以抵抗其有害作用，并允许适当的ROS介导的生物信号传导。急性和慢性肺部疾病通常被认为与氧化应激增加有关，这可以通过细胞或细胞外氧化还原状态改变、蛋白质或DNA中不可逆氧化修饰增加、线粒体功能障碍以及NOX酶和抗氧化酶系统的表达或活性改变来证明。然而，通用抗氧化剂的补充策略已被证明在预防或治疗肺部疾病方面收效不大，这很可能是由于它们无法区分活性氧的有害和有益作用。最近的研究试图确定可能介导慢性肺部疾病（如过敏性哮喘或肺纤维化）的特异性氧化还原机制，这为选择性氧化还原治疗策略提供了机会，这些治疗策略可能对治疗这些疾病有用。
The lung is a delicate organ with a large surface area that is continuously exposed to the external environment, and is therefore highly vulnerable to exogenous sources of oxidative stress. In addition, each of its approximately 40 cell types can also generate reactive oxygen species (ROS), as byproducts of cellular metabolism and in a more regulated manner by NOX enzymes with functions in host defense, immune regulation, and cell proliferation or differentiation. To effectively regulate the biological actions of exogenous and endogenous ROS, various enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidant defense systems are present in all lung cell types to provide adequate protection against their injurious effects and to allow for appropriate ROS-mediated biological signaling. Acute and chronic lung diseases are commonly thought to be associated with increased oxidative stress, evidenced by altered cellular or extracellular redox status, increased irreversible oxidative modifications in proteins or DNA, mitochondrial dysfunction, and altered expression or activity of NOX enzymes and antioxidant enzyme systems. However, supplementation strategies with generic antioxidants has proven minimally successful in prevention or treatment of lung disease, most likely due to their inability to distinguish between harmful and beneficial actions of ROS. Recent studies have attempted to identify specific redox-based mechanisms that may mediate chronic lung disease, such as allergic asthma or pulmonary fibrosis, which provide opportunities for selective redox-based therapeutic strategies that may be useful in treatment of these diseases.
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影响因子：
82.9
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