Dietary versatility of Early Pleistocene hominins

Dietary versatility of Early Pleistocene hominins
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早更新世人类的饮食多样性

DOI:
10.1073/pnas.1809439115
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发表时间:
2018
影响因子:
11.1
通讯作者:
Schrenk
Schrenk
中科院分区:
综合性期刊1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Lüdecke;Kullmer;Wacker;Sandrock;Fiebig;Schrenk

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来自马拉维裂谷(卡隆加盆地奇旺多层)的新地球化学数据填补了我们对大陆规模人类适应知识的一个主要空间空白。古土壤、古人类和特定动物群的氧(δ 18 O)、碳(δ 13 C)和聚集(Δ47)同位素数据阐明了东非裂谷系(EARS)不同生境中更新世古人类饮食的意外多样性。食物来源的早期HomoandParanthropus蓬勃发展的相对凉爽和潮湿的树木繁茂的热带草原生态系统沿着西部海岸的paleolake马拉维包含了很大一部分的C3植物材料。补充水消费重建表明,约2.4马,早期人(鲁道夫人)和傍人(傍人鲍氏)保持相当固定的淡水来源附近沿着湖的边缘。时间equivalentParanthropus aethiopicus从东部裂谷更北的耳朵消耗了更高比例的C4资源,适应性越来越明显,随着开放的稀树草原设置后2马,而Homomaintained一个高的通用性。然而,南部AfricanParanthropus robustushad,类似于马拉维裂谷的个人,C3占主导地位的整个早更新世的进食策略。总的来说,稳定的同位素和动物区系的数据,这里的文件,earlyHomoandParanthropus是饮食的opportanism,并能够科普广泛的古栖息地,这清楚地表明了他们的高行为灵活性在非洲早更新世。
New geochemical data from the Malawi Rift (Chiwondo Beds, Karonga Basin) fill a major spatial gap in our knowledge of hominin adaptations on a continental scale. Oxygen (δ18O), carbon (δ13C), and clumped (Δ47) isotope data on paleosols, hominins, and selected fauna elucidate an unexpected diversity in the Pleistocene hominin diet in the various habitats of the East African Rift System (EARS). Food sources of earlyHomoandParanthropusthriving in relatively cool and wet wooded savanna ecosystems along the western shore of paleolake Malawi contained a large fraction of C3plant material. Complementary water consumption reconstructions suggest thatca.2.4 Ma, earlyHomo(Homo rudolfensis) andParanthropus(Paranthropus boisei) remained rather stationary near freshwater sources along the lake margins. Time-equivalentParanthropus aethiopicusfrom the Eastern Rift further north in the EARS consumed a higher fraction of C4resources, an adaptation that grew more pronounced with increasing openness of the savanna setting after 2 Ma, whileHomomaintained a high versatility. However, southern AfricanParanthropus robustushad, similar to the Malawi Rift individuals, C3-dominated feeding strategies throughout the Early Pleistocene. Collectively, the stable isotope and faunal data presented here document that earlyHomoandParanthropuswere dietary opportunists and able to cope with a wide range of paleohabitats, which clearly demonstrates their high behavioral flexibility in the African Early Pleistocene.
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