Predictability modulates neural response to eye contact in ASD.
Predictability modulates neural response to eye contact in ASD.
复制标题
DOI：
10.1186/s13229-022-00519-0
复制
发表时间：
2022-10-29
期刊：
影响因子：
6.2
通讯作者：
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
建立和维持眼神交流的缺陷是自闭症谱系障碍（ASD）早期和持久的脆弱性，这些缺陷的神经基础仍然难以捉摸。一个有希望的假设是，自闭症的社会特征可能反映了在不确定的条件下对社会世界做出预测的困难。然而，没有关于自闭症谱系障碍的研究考察了在自然的人际交往中，可预测性如何影响眼神接触的神经处理。我们使用眼动追踪来促进互动社交模拟，当参与者看着屏幕上的面孔时，他们会建立目光接触。在实验一中，目光接触的接收是不可预测的；在实验二中，接受眼神接触是可以预测的。通过N170和P300事件相关电位（ERPs）测量眼睛接触的神经反应。实验一包括23名ASD和46名正常发育（TD）成人受试者。实验二包括25名ASD和43名TD成人受试者。当眼神接触不可预测时，ASD患者的N170增加，P300反应增加，但非特异性。N170反应的强度与感觉和焦虑症状的测量相关，因此对眼神接触的反应增加与症状增加有关。然而，当目光接触的接收是可预测的时，与对照组相比，ASD个体表现出较慢的N170， N170或P300的振幅没有差异。我们的自闭症样本是由智商70的成年人组成的，其中只有4名自闭症女性。因此，需要进一步的研究来评估这些结果如何在年龄、性别和认知能力的范围内推广。此外，由于分析是探索性的，一些发现无法通过错误发现率调整。ASD患者对眼神接触的神经反应从减弱到超敏感不等，这取决于对社会环境的可预测性。这些研究结果表明，ASD患者在社交互动中目光接触的脆弱性可能来自于对目光接触的预期和期望的差异，而不仅仅是凝视的感知。在线版本包含补充材料，可在10.1186/s13229-022-00519-0获得。
Deficits in establishing and maintaining eye-contact are early and persistent vulnerabilities of autism spectrum disorder (ASD), and the neural bases of these deficits remain elusive. A promising hypothesis is that social features of autism may reflect difficulties in making predictions about the social world under conditions of uncertainty. However, no research in ASD has examined how predictability impacts the neural processing of eye-contact in naturalistic interpersonal interactions. We used eye tracking to facilitate an interactive social simulation wherein onscreen faces would establish eye-contact when the participant looked at them. In Experiment One, receipt of eye-contact was unpredictable; in Experiment Two, receipt of eye-contact was predictable. Neural response to eye-contact was measured via the N170 and P300 event-related potentials (ERPs). Experiment One included 23 ASD and 46 typically developing (TD) adult participants. Experiment Two included 25 ASD and 43 TD adult participants. When receipt of eye-contact was unpredictable, individuals with ASD showed increased N170 and increased, but non-specific, P300 responses. The magnitude of the N170 responses correlated with measures of sensory and anxiety symptomology, such that increased response to eye-contact was associated with increased symptomology. However, when receipt of eye-contact was predictable, individuals with ASD, relative to controls, exhibited slower N170s and no differences in the amplitude of N170 or P300. Our ASD sample was composed of adults with IQ > 70 and included only four autistic women. Thus, further research is needed to evaluate how these results generalize across the spectrum of age, sex, and cognitive ability. Additionally, as analyses were exploratory, some findings failed to survive false-discovery rate adjustment. Neural response to eye-contact in ASD ranged from attenuated to hypersensitive depending on the predictability of the social context. These findings suggest that the vulnerabilities in eye-contact during social interactions in ASD may arise from differences in anticipation and expectation of eye-contact in addition to the perception of gaze alone. The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13229-022-00519-0.
登录
查看更多内容
影响因子：
2.3
作者：
Cook, Jennifer L.;Rapp, John T.;Nuta, Raluca
通讯作者：
Nuta, Raluca
影响因子：
2.9
作者：
Itier, Roxane J.;Neath-Tavares, Karly N.
通讯作者：
Neath-Tavares, Karly N.
影响因子：
3
作者：
Bennington, JY;Polich, J
通讯作者：
Polich, J
影响因子：
5.4
作者：
de Cruys, Sander Van;Evers, Kris;Wagemans, Johan
通讯作者：
Wagemans, Johan
影响因子：
2.9
作者：
Caruana, Nathan;McArthur, Genevieve
通讯作者：
McArthur, Genevieve