The role of new nuclear power in the UK's net-zero emissions energy system
The role of new nuclear power in the UK's net-zero emissions energy system
复制标题
新核电在英国净零排放能源系统中的作用
DOI：
10.1016/j.energy.2022.125450
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发表时间：
2021
期刊：
影响因子：
9
通讯作者：
P. Dodds
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
J. Price;I. Keppo;P. Dodds
发电的快速深度脱碳是及时过渡到净零排放能源系统的关键。虽然未来的电力系统可能会以可变可再生能源(VRE)能源为主，但研究已经确定了对低碳可调度电力的需求，如核能。我们使用一个成本优化的电力系统模型，研究了在英国净零排放能源系统中投资新核电容量的技术经济理由，并考虑了四个敏感维度：新核电的资本成本、竞争技术的可获得性、互联互通的扩大和天气条件。我们的结论是，只有在假设雄心勃勃的成本和建设时间、竞争技术不可用以及不允许互连扩建的情况下，新的核电能力才具有成本效益。我们发现，具有碳捕获和储存(BECCS)和长期储存的生物质能可以将电力系统成本降低5%-21%，并且同步冷凝器可以在同步发电量低的高度可再生系统中提供具有成本效益的惯性。我们表明，几乎100%可变的可再生能源系统是最具成本效益的系统设计，它使用非常少的化石燃料，不需要新建核能，并便于长期储存。这表明，英国政府目前对核能的有利政策正变得越来越难以证明是合理的。
Swift and deep decarbonisation of electricity generation is central to enabling a timely transition to net-zero emission energy systems. While future power systems will likely be dominated by variable renewable energy (VRE) sources, studies have identified a need for low-carbon dispatchable power such as nuclear. We use a cost-optimising power system model to examine the technoeconomic case for investment in new nuclear capacity in the UK's net-zero emissions energy system and consider four sensitivity dimensions: the capital cost of new nuclear, the availability of competing technologies, the expansion of interconnection and weather conditions. We conclude that new nuclear capacity is only cost-effective if ambitious cost and construction times are assumed, competing technologies are unavailable and interconnector expansion is not permitted. We find that bioenergy with carbon capture and storage (BECCS) and long-term storage could reduce electricity system costs by 5–21% and that synchronous condensers can provide cost-effective inertia in highly renewable systems with low amounts of synchronous generation. We show that a nearly 100% variable renewable system with very little fossil fuels, no new build nuclear and facilitated by long-term storage is the most cost-effective system design. This suggests that the current favourable UK Government policy towards nuclear is becoming increasingly difficult to justify.
影响因子：
32.5
作者：
I. Staffell;D. Brett;N. Brandon;A. Hawkes
通讯作者：
I. Staffell;D. Brett;N. Brandon;A. Hawkes