Photoinduced, Copper-Catalyzed Decarboxylative C-N Coupling to Generate Protected Amines: An Alternative to the Curtius Rearrangement.

Photoinduced, Copper-Catalyzed Decarboxylative C-N Coupling to Generate Protected Amines: An Alternative to the Curtius Rearrangement.
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DOI:
10.1021/jacs.7b07546
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发表时间:
2017-09-06
影响因子:
15
通讯作者:
Fu GC
Fu GC
中科院分区:
化学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Zhao W;Wurz RP;Peters JC;Fu GC

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Curtius重排是将羧酸转化为保护胺的一种经典而有效的方法,但它的广泛使用受到安全问题(处理叠氮化合物的需要)的阻碍。我们开发了一种替代Curtius重排的方法,它使用铜催化剂和蓝色LED辐射相结合,实现脂肪族羧酸衍生物(特别是容易获得的N-羟基邻苯二甲酰亚胺酯)的脱羧基偶联,从而在温和的条件下提供保护胺。这种C-N键形成方法与多种官能团相容,包括醇、醛、环氧化物、吲哚、硝基烷烃和硫化物。控制反应和机理研究符合这样的假设,即铜物种参与了光化学和关键的成键步骤,这是通过烷基自由基笼外耦合发生的。
The Curtius rearrangement is a classic, powerful method for converting carboxylic acids into protected amines, but its widespread use is impeded by safety issues (the need to handle azides). We have developed an alternative to the Curtius rearrangement that employs a copper catalyst in combination with blue-LED irradiation to achieve the decarboxylative coupling of aliphatic carboxylic acid derivatives (specifically, readily available N-hydroxyphthalimide esters) to afford protected amines under mild conditions. This C–N bond-forming process is compatible with a wide array of functional groups, including an alcohol, aldehyde, epoxide, indole, nitroalkane, and sulfide. Control reactions and mechanistic studies are consistent with the hypothesis that copper species are engaged in both the photochemistry and the key bond-forming step, which occurs through out-of-cage coupling of an alkyl radical.
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