Apportionment of the Pre‐Industrial to Present‐Day Climate Forcing by Methane Using UKESM1: The Role of the Cloud Radiative Effect

Apportionment of the Pre‐Industrial to Present‐Day Climate Forcing by Methane Using UKESM1: The Role of the Cloud Radiative Effect
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使用 UKESM1 分配工业化前至今的甲烷气候强迫:云辐射效应的作用

DOI:
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发表时间:
2022
影响因子:
6.8
通讯作者:
J. Manners
J. Manners
中科院分区:
地球科学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
F. O’Connor;B. Johnson;Omar Jamil;T. Andrews;J. Mulcahy;J. Manners

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1850 年至 2014 年,甲烷含量从 808 ppb 增加至 1831 ppb,导致英国地球系统模型 UKESM1 中的有效辐射强迫 (ERF) 为 0.97 ± 0.04 W m−2。甲烷的直接贡献为 0.54 ± 0.04 W m−2。由于短波和长波吸收的改进以及 UKESM1 模拟中没有异常尘埃响应,UKESM1 中的表现比其前身模型 HadGEM2 更好。 0.13-0.20 W m−2 的间接臭氧 ERF 是由于对流层臭氧的增加超过了平流层臭氧的减少。 0.02-0.07 W m−2 的间接水蒸气 ERF 与之前的估计一致。由于热力学调整和气溶胶-云相互作用(aci),甲烷增加还导致 0.12 ± 0.02 W m−2 的云辐射效应。短波和长波对云强迫的贡献分别为 0.23 和 -0.35 W m−2,来自对流层高层的辐射加热和稳定,减少了对流和全球云量。气溶胶介导的贡献(0.28–0.30 W m−2)是由于氧化剂的变化减少了新颗粒的形成(−8%),使气溶胶尺寸分布向更少但更大的颗粒方向转变。云滴数浓度减小,云滴有效半径增大。 Twomey 效应的减少改变了云强迫符号(−0.14 至 0.12 W m−2),这是由于 UKESM1 中的化学-气溶胶-云耦合所致。尽管模型中的快速调整和过程表示存在不确定性,但这些结果凸显了化学-气溶胶-云相互作用和气候强迫动态调整的潜在重要性。
The Year 1850 to 2014 increase in methane from 808 to 1831 ppb leads to an effective radiative forcing (ERF) of 0.97 ± 0.04 W m−2 in the United Kingdom's Earth System Model, UKESM1. The direct methane contribution is 0.54 ± 0.04 W m−2. It is better represented in UKESM1 than in its predecessor model HadGEM2 due to shortwave and longwave absorption improvements and the absence of an anomalous dust response in the UKESM1 simulations. An indirect ozone ERF of 0.13–0.20 W m−2 is due to the tropospheric ozone increase outweighing that of the stratospheric decrease. The indirect water vapor ERF of 0.02–0.07 W m−2 is consistent with previous estimates. The methane increase also leads to a cloud radiative effect of 0.12 ± 0.02 W m−2 from thermodynamic adjustments and aerosol‐cloud interactions (aci). Shortwave and longwave contributions of 0.23 and −0.35 W m−2 to the cloud forcing arise from radiative heating and stabilization of the upper troposphere, reducing convection and global cloud cover. The aerosol‐mediated contribution (0.28–0.30 W m−2) is due to changes in oxidants reducing new particle formation (−8%), shifting the aerosol size distribution toward fewer but larger particles. Cloud droplet number concentration decreases and cloud droplet effective radius increases. This reduction in the Twomey effect switches the cloud forcing sign (−0.14 to 0.12 W m−2) and is due to chemistry‐aerosol‐cloud coupling in UKESM1. Despite uncertainties in rapid adjustments and process representation in models, these results highlight the potential importance of chemistry‐aerosol‐cloud interactions and dynamical adjustments in climate forcing.
DOI: 10.5194/gmd-3-519-2010
发表时间: 2010-01-01
影响因子: 5.1
作者:
Mann, G. W.;Carslaw, K. S.;Johnson, C. E.
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期刊: Atmospheres
影响因子: --
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影响因子: 6.3
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发表时间: 2020-07
影响因子: 11.1
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通讯作者: I. McCoy;D. McCoy;R. Wood;L. Regayre;D. Watson‐Parris;D. Grosvenor;J. Mulcahy;Yongxiang Hu;F. Bender;P. Field;K. Carslaw;H. Gordon
CMIP6 地球系统模型中气候驱动的化学和气溶胶反馈
DOI: 10.5194/acp-21-1105-2021
发表时间: 2021
影响因子: 6.3
作者:
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