Using change detection to objectively evaluate whether novel over-the-counter drug labels can increase attention to critical health information among older adults.
Using change detection to objectively evaluate whether novel over-the-counter drug labels can increase attention to critical health information among older adults.
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DOI：
10.1186/s41235-021-00307-z
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发表时间：
2021-05-26
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Becker MW
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Harben AL;Kashy DA;Esfahanian S;Liu L;Bix L;Becker MW
非处方药（OTC）有许多好处，但也有风险，如药物不良反应，这在老年人中更为普遍。由于这些产品不需要医生或药剂师的监督，标签在传达安全有效使用所需的信息方面发挥着关键作用。研究表明，目前的标签在传达潜在风险方面并不十分有效。它们缺乏有效性的一个原因是，很少有消费者在购买时注意关键信息（活性成分和警告）。在两个实验中，我们使用了一个变化检测任务，客观地评估如何新的标签设计，采用突出显示和警告标签放置在包装的前面的影响注意到老年人（65岁及以上）的关键信息。变化检测任务是视觉搜索的一种独特形式，它使我们能够评估没有明确指示搜索关键信息的参与者对关键信息的注意优先级。这项任务的这一独特方面很重要，因为研究表明，消费者在选择OTC时很少有明确的目标是寻找警告和活性成分。我们的研究结果提供了实证支持，无论是突出的关键信息，并将其定位在包装的前面增加其注意力优先级相对于当前的商业实践。考虑到关注关键信息是利用这些信息的先决条件，以这种方式引起注意的策略可能会减少用药错误。
Over-the-counter (OTC) drugs have many benefits but also carry risks, such as adverse drug reactions, which are more prevalent in older adults. Because these products do not require the oversight of a physician or pharmacist, labeling plays a key role in communicating information required for their safe and effective use. Research suggests that current labels are not terribly effective at communicating potential risk. One reason for their lack of effectiveness is that few consumers attend to critical information (active ingredients and warnings) when making purchases. In two experiments, we used a change detection task to objectively evaluate how novel label designs that employ highlighting and a warning label placed on the package’s front impact attention to critical information among older participants (65 and older). The change detection task is a unique form of visual search which allowed us to assess the attentional priority of critical information among participants who were not explicitly instructed to search for this critical information. This unique aspect of the task is important given research suggesting that consumers rarely have the explicit goal of seeking out warnings and active ingredients when making OTC selections. Our results provide empirical support that both highlighting critical information and positioning it on the package’s front increase its attentional prioritization relative to current, commercial practice. Given that attending to the critical information is prerequisite to utilizing that information, strategies that elicit attention in this way are likely to reduce medication errors.
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