Top-down versus bottom-up attentional control: a failed theoretical dichotomy.

Top-down versus bottom-up attentional control: a failed theoretical dichotomy.
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DOI:
10.1016/j.tics.2012.06.010
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发表时间:
2012-08
影响因子:
19.9
通讯作者:
Theeuwes, Jan
Theeuwes, Jan
中科院分区:
心理学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Awh, Edward;Belopolsky, Artem V.;Theeuwes, Jan

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注意力控制的突出模型主张自上而下和自下而上控制之间的二分法,前者由当前选择目标决定,后者由身体显著性决定。然而,这种理论上的二分法并不能解释越来越多的案例,在这些案例中,当前目标和身体显著性都不能解释强烈的选择偏差。例如,与奖励相关的同样显著的刺激可以吸引注意力,即使这与当前的选择目标相矛盾。因此,虽然“自上而下”的偏见来源有时被定义为那些不是由于身体的显着性,这一概念混淆了不同的-有时是矛盾的-选择偏见的来源。我们描述了一个替代框架,在过去的选择历史与当前的目标和物理显着性相结合,形成一个综合的优先级地图。
Prominent models of attentional control assert a dichotomy between top-down and bottom-up control, with the former determined by current selection goals and the latter determined by physical salience. This theoretical dichotomy, however, fails to explain a growing number of cases in which neither current goals nor physical salience can account for strong selection biases. For example, equally salient stimuli associated with reward can capture attention, even when this contradicts current selection goals. Thus, although ‘top-down’ sources of bias are sometimes defined as those that are not due to physical salience, this conception conflates distinct – and sometimes contradictory – sources of selection bias. We describe an alternative framework, in which past selection history is integrated with current goals and physical salience to shape an integrated priority map.
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