Estimation of confidence intervals for decompositions and other complex demographic estimators.

Estimation of confidence intervals for decompositions and other complex demographic estimators.
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DOI:
10.4054/demres.2023.49.5
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发表时间:
2023-07
影响因子:
2.1
通讯作者:
Hendi AS
Hendi AS
中科院分区:
法学3区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Hendi AS

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虽然标准误差和置信区间的使用在人口科学的基于回归的研究中很常见,但在使用正式的人口统计测量和方法(包括人口统计分解)的研究中却很少见。本文描述并提供了使用四种不同方法计算复杂人口统计估计量标准误差的明确说明。 Arriaga 预期寿命差异分解的标准误差是使用 delta 法、泊松引导法、二项式引导法和蒙特卡罗方法计算的。这些方法使用 1990 年和 2019 年美国太平洋地区城市女性年龄别死亡率的 50% 生命统计数据样本进行了验证。所有四种计算标准误差的方法都返回了相似的估计值,其中 delta 方法、泊松引导法和蒙特卡罗方法最为一致。一般情况下建议使用蒙特卡罗方法,而针对特定情况建议使用 delta 方法。本研究记录了估计复杂人口统计估计量的统计不确定性的多种方法,并详细描述了如何将这些不同的方法应用于几乎任何基于比率的人口统计指标。它还就人口统计研究中何时使用标准误差合适以及何时不合适提供建议。导出了使用 delta 方法计算 Arriaga 分解标准误差的显式公式。
While the use of standard errors and confidence intervals is common in regression-based studies in the population sciences, it is far less common in studies using formal demographic measures and methods, including demographic decompositions. This article describes and provides explicit instructions for using four different approaches for computing standard errors for complex demographic estimators. Standard errors for Arriaga’s decomposition of life expectancy differences are computed using the delta method, the Poisson bootstrap, the binomial bootstrap, and the Monte Carlo approaches. The methods are demonstrated using a 50% sample of vital statistics data on age-specific mortality among urban women in the Pacific region of the United States in 1990 and 2019. All four methods for computing standard errors returned similar estimates, with the delta method, Poisson bootstrap, and Monte Carlo approaches being the most consistent. The Monte Carlo approach is recommended for general use, while the delta method is recommended for specific cases. This study documents multiple ways of estimating statistical uncertainty for complex demographic estimators and describes in detail how to apply these various methods to nearly any rate-based demographic measure. It also provides advice on when the use of standard errors is and is not appropriate in demographic studies. Explicit formulae for computing standard errors for Arriaga’s decomposition using the delta method approach are derived.
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