The Proteins of mRNA Modification: Writers, Readers, and Erasers.

The Proteins of mRNA Modification: Writers, Readers, and Erasers.
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DOI:
10.1146/annurev-biochem-052521-035330
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发表时间:
2023-06-20
影响因子:
16.6
通讯作者:
--
中科院分区:
生物学1区
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在过去的十年中,mRNA修饰已经成为细胞中基因表达控制的重要调节因子。在很大程度上由用于检测RNA修饰的工具的开发推动,研究人员已经发现了一种多样的表位转录组,其作为简单RNA序列之外的基因调控的附加层。在这里,我们回顾了写入,读取和擦除这些标记的蛋白质,特别关注最丰富的内部修饰,m6A。我们描述了发现的关键酶,存款和删除m6A和其他修改,并讨论我们对这些蛋白质的理解如何塑造我们的观点修改动态。我们还回顾了目前的模型的功能m6A阅读器蛋白质和我们的知识,这些蛋白质的演变。最后,我们强调了该领域的重要未来方向,并讨论了仍然没有答案的关键问题。
Over the past decade, mRNA modifications have emerged as important regulators of gene expression control in cells. Fueled in large part by the development of tools for detecting RNA modifications transcriptome-wide, researchers have uncovered a diverse epitranscriptome which serves as an additional layer of gene regulation beyond simple RNA sequence. Here, we review the proteins that write, read, and erase these marks, with a particular focus on the most abundant internal modification, m6A. We describe the discovery of the key enzymes that deposit and remove m6A and other modifications and discuss how our understanding of these proteins has shaped our views of modification dynamics. We also review current models for the function of m6A reader proteins and how our knowledge of these proteins has evolved. Finally, we highlight important future directions for the field and discuss key questions that remain unanswered.
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