Tea plant-legume intercropping simultaneously improves soil fertility and tea quality by changing bacillus species composition.
Tea plant-legume intercropping simultaneously improves soil fertility and tea quality by changing bacillus species composition.
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DOI：
10.1093/hr/uhac046
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发表时间：
2022-02-19
影响因子：
8.7
通讯作者：
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
茶树是中国的重要经济作物，但长期单一栽培和大量化学氮肥投入导致土壤酸化，进而影响养分供应和茶叶品质。由于间作模式有望提高土壤肥力，改善茶叶品质，改变土壤微生物群落组成，因此茶园间作模式越来越受到人们的重视。然而，一些关键微生物在根际土壤中的作用还没有得到很好的描述。在这里，在一个茶园里采用了“夏种大豆，冬种紫云英”的种植策略，研究间作豆类作物对土壤肥力、茶叶品质以及芽孢杆菌等有益细菌潜在变化的影响。结果表明，当大豆还田时，间作系统表现出较高的土壤有机质(SOM)、全氮(TN)、茶叶品质指数和茶树谷氨酰胺合成酶基因(CsGS)的表达。值得注意的是，间作显著影响了细菌群落，降低了芽孢杆菌的相对丰度，但增加了其绝对丰度。从间作土壤中分离到一株解淀粉芽孢杆菌BM1，与根瘤菌共接种后表现出良好的植物促生作用。冬季间作紫云英对土壤性状和茶叶品质有一定的改善作用。菌种Bm1和豆类根瘤菌Vic5共接种紫云英(Vicia Villosa)后，土壤有机质、全氮和茶叶品质均有显著改善，氨基酸含量最高，多酚和咖啡因含量最低(p <； 0.0 5)。我们的研究结果表明，在茶园中间作一些豆科植物是一种增加土壤有机质、总氮和茶叶品质的策略，一些PGP芽孢杆菌的选择性使用产生了放大效应。
The tea plant is an economically important crop in China, but long-term monoculture and substantial chemical nitrogen fertilizer input cause soil acidification, which in turn affects the nutrient supply and tea quality. Intercropping has drawn more attention in tea gardens because this pattern is expected to improve soil fertility and tea quality and change the soil microbial community composition. However, the roles of some key microorganisms in rhizosphere soils have not been well characterized. Here, a “soybean in summer and smooth vetch in winter” strategy was used in a tea garden to investigate the effects of intercropped legumes on soil fertility, tea quality, and potential changes in beneficial bacteria such as Bacillus. Our data showed that when soybeans were turned into the soil, the intercropping system exhibited higher soil organic matter (SOM), total nitrogen (TN), tea quality indices, and expression of the Camellia sinensis glutamine synthetase gene (CsGS). Notably, intercropping significantly affected the bacterial communities, decreasing the relative abundance of Bacillus but increasing its absolute abundance. Bacillus amyloliquefaciens BM1 was isolated from intercropped soil and showed outstanding plant growth-promoting (PGP) properties when co-inoculated with rhizobia. In winter, intercropping with smooth vetch had a beneficial effect on soil properties and tea quality. Co-inoculation with strain BM1 and Rhizobium leguminosarum Vic5 on smooth vetch (Vicia villosa) produced huge improvements in SOM, TN, and tea leaf quality, which were accompanied by the highest level of amino acids and the lowest levels of polyphenols and caffeine (p < 0.05). Our findings demonstrate that intercropping with some legumes in the tea garden is a strategy that increases SOM, TN, and tea quality, and the optional use of some PGP Bacillus species produces an amplification effect.
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