Dispersions of aramid nanofibers: a new nanoscale building block.
Dispersions of aramid nanofibers: a new nanoscale building block.
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DOI：
10.1021/nn2014003
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发表时间：
2011-09-27
期刊：
影响因子：
17.1
通讯作者：
Kotov NA
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Yang M;Cao K;Sui L;Qi Y;Zhu J;Waas A;Arruda EM;Kieffer J;Thouless MD;Kotov NA
对于合成聚合物来说，纳米纤维的稳定分散体实际上是未知的。它们可以补充无机成分的类似分散体，例如纳米颗粒、纳米线、纳米片等，作为通过多种基于溶剂的加工方法设计纳米结构和超材料的工具集的基本组成部分。因此，强柔性聚合物纳米纤维对于在纳米级无机组分（例如纳米线、碳纳米管、石墨烯等）的复合材料中的有效利用是非常理想的。这里成功获得了直径在 3 至 30 nm 之间、长度高达 10 μm 的均匀高纵横比芳纶纳米纤维 (ANF) 的稳定分散体。与基于单体聚合的传统方法不同，它们是通过控制标准宏观形式的芳纶聚合物（即众所周知的凯夫拉线）的溶解而制成的，并显示出类似于碳纳米管的独特形态特征。使用逐层（LBL）组装将 ANF 成功加工成薄膜，这是用 ANF 制备复合材料的潜在方法之一。所得薄膜是透明的且具有高耐热性。它们还表现出增强的机械特性，使得 ANF 薄膜非常适合用作保护涂层、超强膜以及替代碳纳米管或与碳纳米管结合的其他高性能材料的构件。
Stable dispersions of nanofibers are virtually unknown for synthetic polymers. They can complement analogous dispersions of inorganic components, such as nanoparticles, nanowires, nanosheets, etc as a fundamental component of a toolset for design of nanostructures and metamaterials via numerous solvent-based processing methods. As such, strong flexible polymeric nanofibers are very desirable for the effective utilization within composites of nanoscale inorganic components such as nanowires, carbon nanotubes, graphene, and others. Here stable dispersions of uniform high-aspect-ratio aramid nanofibers (ANFs) with diameters between 3 and 30 nm and up to 10 μm in length were successfully obtained. Unlike the traditional approaches based on polymerization of monomers, they are made by controlled dissolution of standard macroscale form of the aramid polymer, i.e. well known Kevlar threads, and revealed distinct morphological features similar to carbon nanotubes. ANFs are successfully processed into films using layer-by-layer (LBL) assembly as one of the potential methods of preparation of composites from ANFs. The resultant films are transparent and highly temperature resilient. They also display enhanced mechanical characteristics making ANF films highly desirable as protective coatings, ultrastrong membranes, as well as building blocks of other high performance materials in place of or in combination with carbon nanotubes.
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