Short-term memory stages in sign vs. speech: the source of the serial span discrepancy.

Short-term memory stages in sign vs. speech: the source of the serial span discrepancy.
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标志与语音中的短期记忆阶段:串行跨度差异的来源。

DOI:
10.1016/j.cognition.2011.02.014
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发表时间:
2011-07
期刊:
影响因子:
3.4
通讯作者:
Bavelier D
Bavelier D
中科院分区:
心理学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Hall ML;Bavelier D

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当被要求回忆一系列不相关的口头项目时,说话者的表现通常优于签名者。这一现象已经确立,但其根源仍不清楚。在这项研究中,我们评估了短期记忆的三个主要处理阶段-感知,编码和回忆-在这种效果中的相对贡献。本研究factorially操纵是否美国手语(ASL)或英语被用于感知,记忆编码,并在听力ASL-英语双语者回忆。结果表明,在知觉和编码过程中使用ASL有助于序列跨度差异。有趣的是,在美国手语中进行回忆稍微增加了跨度,排除了手语通常是短期记忆的糟糕选择的观点。这些结果表明,尽管在其他记忆领域的符号和语音的一般等价,语音为基础的表征更适合于特定的任务的感知和记忆编码的一系列不相关的口头项目在串行顺序通过语音回路。这项工作表明,在英语中的串行回忆任务的性能的解释可能不会直接翻译到手语中的串行任务。
Speakers generally outperform signers when asked to recall a list of unrelated verbal items. This phenomenon is well established, but its source has remained unclear. In this study, we evaluate the relative contribution of the three main processing stages of short-term memory – perception, encoding, and recall – in this effect. The present study factorially manipulates whether American Sign Language (ASL) or English was used for perception, memory encoding, and recall in hearing ASL-English bilinguals. Results indicate that using ASL during both perception and encoding contributes to the serial span discrepancy. Interestingly, performing recall in ASL slightly increased span, ruling out the view that signing is in general a poor choice for short-term memory. These results suggest that despite the general equivalence of sign and speech in other memory domains, speech-based representations are better suited for the specific task of perception and memory encoding of a series of unrelated verbal items in serial order through the phonological loop. This work suggests that interpretation of performance on serial recall tasks in English may not translate straightforwardly to serial tasks in sign language.
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