Muscle giants: molecular scaffolds in sarcomerogenesis.

Muscle giants: molecular scaffolds in sarcomerogenesis.
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DOI:
10.1152/physrev.00017.2009
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发表时间:
2009-10
影响因子:
33.6
通讯作者:
Bloch RJ
Bloch RJ
中科院分区:
医学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Kontrogianni-Konstantopoulos A;Ackermann MA;Bowman AL;Yap SV;Bloch RJ

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横纹肌中的肌原纤维发生是一个高度复杂的过程,其依赖于大量收缩蛋白、细胞骨架蛋白和信号蛋白协调组装和整合成规则阵列,即肌节。它也与肌浆网和横小管在每个肌节周围的典型组装有关。三个巨大的,肌肉特异性蛋白,肌联蛋白(3-4 MDa),星云蛋白(600-800 kDa),和obscurin(~720-900 kDa),已被提出在组装和稳定的肌节中发挥重要作用。大量数据表明,这些分子中的每一个都与几种到多种不同的蛋白质配体相互作用,调节它们的活性并将它们定位到肌节内或周围的特定位点。与此相一致,这些蛋白质中的每一种的突变都与骨骼肌和心肌病或肌营养不良有关。然而,它们中的任何一个都扮演着“分子模板”、“分子蓝图”或“分子统治者”的角色的证据并不那么确定。在这里,我们回顾的结构和功能的肌联蛋白,星云蛋白和obscurin,与文献支持的作用,他们作为支架分子和矛盾的证据,关于他们的角色作为分子指南在肌角化。
Myofibrillogenesis in striated muscles is a highly complex process that depends on the coordinated assembly and integration of a large number of contractile, cytoskeletal, and signaling proteins into regular arrays, the sarcomeres. It is also associated with the stereotypical assembly of the sarcoplasmic reticulum and the transverse tubules around each sarcomere. Three giant, muscle-specific proteins, titin (3–4 MDa), nebulin (600–800 kDa), and obscurin (~720–900 kDa), have been proposed to play important roles in the assembly and stabilization of sarcomeres. There is a large amount of data showing that each of these molecules interacts with several to many different protein ligands, regulating their activity and localizing them to particular sites within or surrounding sarcomeres. Consistent with this, mutations in each of these proteins have been linked to skeletal and cardiac myopathies or to muscular dystrophies. The evidence that any of them plays a role as a “molecular template,” “molecular blueprint,” or “molecular ruler” is less definitive, however. Here we review the structure and function of titin, nebulin, and obscurin, with the literature supporting a role for them as scaffolding molecules and the contradictory evidence regarding their roles as molecular guides in sarcomerogenesis.
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