Generational Bargain, Transfer of Disadvantages and Extreme Poverty: A Qualitative Enquiry from Bangladesh

Generational Bargain, Transfer of Disadvantages and Extreme Poverty: A Qualitative Enquiry from Bangladesh
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代际讨价还价、劣势转移和极端贫困:来自孟加拉国的定性调查

DOI:
10.1057/s41287-020-00261-4
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发表时间:
2020
期刊:
The European Journal of Development Research
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Akram O
Akram O
中科院分区:
--
文献类型:
--
作者:
Akram O

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为什么穷人总是穷?而且,至关重要的是,为什么他们的孩子可能会贫穷,并最终在以后的生活中贫穷?这是发展、社会政策和经济学等领域的一个常见问题。孟加拉国在减贫方面取得了显著的成功,然而,解决贫困和不利条件在代内和代间的转移问题仍然是决策者面临的一个重大挑战。迄今为止,有关代际贫困的文献仍然以大量定量面板数据为主。相比之下,这项研究利用了孟加拉国72个极端贫困家庭的独特定性数据集,研究了代际和代内讨价还价如何产生极端贫困。有人认为,虽然贫穷是代际转移的,但并不是平等转移的。相反,转移的不利条件是由长期存在的剥夺、歧视和高度性别化的家庭一级政治经济形成的。贫穷的代际转移应被视为一个动态的谈判过程,其关键是由代内讨价还价决定的。
Why do the poor stay poor? And, crucially, why are their children likely to be poor and end up poor later in life? This is a familiar question in the fields of development, social policy and economics alike. Bangladesh has seen notable successes in reducing poverty, and yet, addressing the transfer of deprivations and disadvantages within and between generations still poses a major challenge for policy-makers. To date, literature on inter-generational poverty remains dominated by large quantitative panel data. By contrast, this study draws on a unique qualitative dataset of 72 extreme poor households across Bangladesh, examining how inter- and intra-generational bargains generate extreme poverty. It is argued that, while poverty is transferred inter-generationally, it is not transferred equally. Rather, transferred disadvantages are shaped by persistent forms of deprivation, discrimination and a household-level political economy that is highly gendered. The inter-generational transfer of poverty should be seen as a dynamic and negotiated process that is crucially shaped by intra-generational bargains.
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