The Ontogeny of Mammalian Mastication
The Ontogeny of Mammalian Mastication
复制标题
哺乳动物咀嚼的个体发育
DOI：
--
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发表时间：
1985
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
S. Herring
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
S. Herring
口腔器官的运动开始于胎儿期，并以一致的顺序发育。首先出现下颌张开，然后是主动闭合和舌头运动，嘴唇运动，吸吮，最后是咀嚼运动。较晚发育的运动出现在早熟哺乳动物如豚鼠和绵羊的产前，但在晚期哺乳动物如大鼠，仓鼠和兔子的产后。口腔行为的有序发展可能与神经系统和神经肌肉连接的逐渐成熟有关。大多数新生哺乳动物完全靠吮吸来进食，这是舌头对乳头的作用和口腔后部负压的结合。从吮吸到咀嚼的过渡是渐进的，需要相当多的学习。在至少一个物种中，家猪，幼年动物咀嚼使用与成年动物略有不同的肌肉收缩模式。肌肉活动线的年龄变化是这种差异最可能的解释。在婴儿期建立后，咀嚼过程在幼年期仅在速度和相对肌肉活动方面发生微小变化。在整个个体发育过程中，形态和行为之间存在着相互关系。虽然咀嚼性能取决于任何特定阶段的结构，但它对肌肉骨骼的进一步生长和分化也有深远的影响。
Movements of the oral apparatus begin during the fetal period and develop in a consistent order. Jaw openingappears first, followed by active jaw closure and tongue movements, lip movements, sucking, and finally masticatory movements. The later developing movements appear prenatally in precocious mammals such as guinea pigs and sheep, but are postnatal in altricial mammals such as rats, hamsters and rabbits. The orderly development of oral behavior is probably related to the progressive maturation of the nervous system and neuromuscular connections. Most newborn mammals feed exclusively bysuckling, a combination of the tongue working against the nipple and negative pressure at the back of the oral cavity. Thetransition from suckling to mastication is gradual and involves considerable learning. In at least one species, the domestic pig, infant animals chew using a somewhat different muscular contraction pattern from that of adults. Age changes in muscle action lines are the most likely explanation for this difference. After being established in infancy, the process of mastication undergoes only minor changes in rate and relative muscle activity during the juvenile period. Throughout ontogeny there is a reciprocal relation between morphology and behavior. While masticatory performance depends on structure at any given stage, it also has profound effects on further musculoskeletal growth and differentiation.
恒河猴（Macaca mulatta）生长过程中关节隆起和下颌窝的组织学变化。
DOI：
10.1002/aja.1001660108
发表时间：
1983
期刊：
The American journal of anatomy
影响因子：
--
作者：
Hinton,RJ;Carlson,DS
通讯作者：
Carlson,DS