Transgenerational exposure to environmental tobacco smoke.
Transgenerational exposure to environmental tobacco smoke.
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DOI：
10.3390/ijerph110707261
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发表时间：
2014-07-16
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Garcia-Algar O
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Joya X;Manzano C;Álvarez AT;Mercadal M;Torres F;Salat-Batlle J;Garcia-Algar O
传统上，来自二手烟的尼古丁(SHS)，无论是主动的还是被动的，一直被认为是工业化国家怀孕期间最普遍的滥用物质。暴露于环境烟草烟雾(ETS)与多种健康影响有关，包括肺癌和心血管疾病。对于不吸烟的人来说，烟草也是一个主要负担。作为发展中的个体，新生儿和儿童特别容易受到SHS的负面影响。特别是，产前ETS在整个童年期间都会产生不良后果，导致流产、低出生体重、早产和/或尼古丁戒断综合症的风险增加。在过去的几年里，随着要求公共场所和工作场所禁烟的法律的实施，怀孕期间吸烟习惯出现了减少的趋势。通常使用产妇问卷来评估产前烟草暴露发生率的下降情况。为了减少自我报告中的偏见，已经开发了客观的生物标记物来评估这种暴露。非常规基质如脐带血、母乳、毛发或胎粪中尼古丁及其主要代谢物可替宁的测定可作为新生儿产前短消息的非侵入性测量。这项综述的目的是强调在实施无烟政策前后使用非常规基质中生物标记物的ETS(产前和出生后)的流行率，以及与这种暴露在胎儿和/或出生后生活中有关的健康影响。
Traditionally, nicotine from second hand smoke (SHS), active or passive, has been considered the most prevalent substance of abuse used during pregnancy in industrialized countries. Exposure to environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) is associated with a variety of health effects, including lung cancer and cardiovascular diseases. Tobacco is also a major burden to people who do not smoke. As developing individuals, newborns and children are particularly vulnerable to the negative effects of SHS. In particular, prenatal ETS has adverse consequences during the entire childhood causing an increased risk of abortion, low birth weight, prematurity and/or nicotine withdrawal syndrome. Over the last years, a decreasing trend in smoking habits during pregnancy has occurred, along with the implementation of laws requiring smoke free public and working places. The decrease in the incidence of prenatal tobacco exposure has usually been assessed using maternal questionnaires. In order to diminish bias in self-reporting, objective biomarkers have been developed to evaluate this exposure. The measurement of nicotine and its main metabolite, cotinine, in non-conventional matrices such as cord blood, breast milk, hair or meconium can be used as a non-invasive measurement of prenatal SMS in newborns. The aim of this review is to highlight the prevalence of ETS (prenatal and postnatal) using biomarkers in non-conventional matrices before and after the implementation of smoke free policies and health effects related to this exposure during foetal and/or postnatal life.
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影响因子：
3.2
作者：
de Chazeron, Ingrid;Daval, Sandrine;Coudore, Francois
通讯作者：
Coudore, Francois
影响因子：
8
作者：
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通讯作者：
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影响因子：
105.7
作者：
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通讯作者：
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影响因子：
105.7
作者：
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通讯作者：
Nawrot, Tim S.
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影响因子：
9.3
作者：
Gray TR;Magri R;Shakleya DM;Huestis MA
通讯作者：
Huestis MA