Sclerotinia sclerotiorum utilizes host-derived copper for ROS detoxification and infection.
Sclerotinia sclerotiorum utilizes host-derived copper for ROS detoxification and infection.
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核盘菌利用宿主来源的铜进行 ROS 解毒和感染
DOI：
10.1371/journal.ppat.1008919
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发表时间：
2020-10
期刊：
影响因子：
6.7
通讯作者：
Qian W
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Ding Y;Mei J;Chai Y;Yang W;Mao Y;Yan B;Yu Y;Disi JO;Rana K;Li J;Qian W
坏死性植物病原菌诱导寄主产生活性氧(ROS)，导致寄主坏死，使病原菌从死亡组织中吸收养分。核盘菌是一种典型的坏死性病原菌，可引起400多种核盘菌茎腐病，造成严重的经济损失。在此，我们发现参与铜离子输入/转运的三个核盘菌基因SsCTR1、SsCCS和SsATX1在甘蓝侵染过程中显著上调。功能分析表明，这些基因与真菌的ROS解毒和毒力有关。在寄主方面，4个可能参与铜离子动态平衡的基因BolCCS、BolCCH、BolMT2A和BolDRT112在敏感的甘蓝中显著下调，而在抗性甘蓝中稳定表达。他们的同系物被发现促进了对核盘菌的抗性，并增加了拟南芥的抗氧化活性。此外，铜浓度分析表明，在感染过程中，铜从健康区域流入坏死区。提出了一个模型，即核盘菌利用宿主铜对其细胞内的ROS进行解毒，而抗性宿主可能通过在感染过程中维持铜离子的动态平衡来限制对核盘菌必需铜营养的供应。核盘菌是一种毁灭性的坏死性真菌病原菌，对世界范围内的农作物生产有重大的经济影响。核盘菌通过促进寄主体内ROS的产生，诱导植物坏死，从而成功侵染寄主植物。这提出了一个有趣的问题，即这种病原体如何在高水平的宿主来源的ROS中生存下来。铜是微生物病原菌的必需营养物质，也是清除ROS酶的重要辅因子。在我们之前的研究中，我们同时分析了甘蓝和核盘菌在接种过程中的转录组变化。本研究结果表明，核盘菌在侵染过程中诱导与铜离子输入和铜离子转运有关的基因，从而促进ROS的解毒和真菌的毒力。同时，抗性寄主维持铜离子动态平衡相关基因，促进抗菌核病和抗氧化活性的提高。此外，坏死区的铜浓度高于切缘和健康区，这可能表明铜在感染过程中从健康区流入坏死区。综上所述，我们的结果强调了铜在菌核菌与其寄主植物相互作用过程中所起的更为微妙和复杂的作用。
Necrotrophic plant pathogen induces host reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, which leads to necrosis in the host, allowing the pathogen to absorb nutrients from the dead tissues. Sclerotinia sclerotiorum is a typical necrotrophic pathogen that causes Sclerotinia stem rot in more than 400 species, resulting in serious economic losses. Here, we found that three S. sclerotiorum genes involved in copper ion import/transport, SsCTR1, SsCCS and SsATX1, were significantly up-regulated during infection of Brassica oleracea. Function analysis revealed that these genes involved in fungal ROS detoxification and virulence. On the host side, four genes putatively involved in copper ion homeostasis, BolCCS, BolCCH, BolMT2A and BolDRT112, were significantly down-regulated in susceptible B. oleracea, but stably expressed in resistant B. oleracea during infection. Their homologs were found to promote resistance to S. sclerotiorum and increase antioxidant activity in Arabidopsis thaliana. Furthermore, copper concentration analysis indicated that copper flow from healthy area into the necrotic area during infection. A model was proposed that S. sclerotiorum utilizes host copper to detoxify ROS in its cells, whereas the resistant hosts may restrict the supply of essential copper nutrients to S. sclerotiorum by maintaining copper ion homeostasis during infection. Sclerotinia sclerotiorum is a devastating necrotrophic fungal pathogen and has a substantial economic impact on crop production worldwide. S. sclerotiorum successfully infect the host plants by promote ROS production in host and induce plant necrosis. This raises an interesting question of how this pathogen survive from high level of host-derived ROS. Copper is an essential nutrient for microbial pathogens and serves as an important cofactor for enzymes of scavenging ROS. In our previous study, we simultaneously analyzed the transcriptome changes of Brassica oleracea and S. sclerotiorum during inoculation. The results in present study show that S. sclerotiorum induces the genes involved in ‘copper ion import’ and ‘copper ion transport’ during infection to promote the ROS detoxification and fungal virulence. While, the resistance host maintains the genes involved in ‘copper ion homeostasis’, which promote the resistance to S. sclerotiorum and antioxidant activity. Furthermore, copper concentration is higher in the necrotic area than the margin and healthy area, which may indicate that copper flow from healthy area into the necrotic area during infection. In summary, our results highlight a more subtle and complex role of copper during the interaction of S. sclerotiorum and its host plants.
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影响因子：
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DOI：
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发表时间：
2015-02-01
影响因子：
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DOI：
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发表时间：
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期刊：
Nature reviews. Microbiology
影响因子：
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作者：
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