Affective Impact of Close Counterfactuals: Implications of Possible Futures for Possible Pasts
Affective Impact of Close Counterfactuals: Implications of Possible Futures for Possible Pasts
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接近的反事实的情感影响：可能的未来对可能的过去的影响
DOI：
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发表时间：
2002
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
K. Markman
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Matthew N. McMullen;K. Markman
事实证明，接近的结果会影响反事实思维和情感反应。没有完全实现目标可能会特别令人沮丧，而仅仅实现目标就会特别令人振奋。先前的研究（Medvec、Madey 和 Gilovich，1995；Medvec 和 Savitsky，1997）已经证明了满意度的逆转：那些仅仅错过更好结果的人（例如，输了 1 分）实际上比那些不太接近的人（例如，输了 10 分）感觉更糟。据推测，这种影响主要取决于未来是否存在可能性。在研究一中，对报纸文章的分析表明，对一场势均力敌的比赛的反应取决于它是系列赛的第一场还是最后一场比赛。研究 2 展示了一种新型的满意度逆转：在半场休息时，人们在球队落后 1 分时感觉比球队领先 1 分时感觉更好。有人认为，最终性会引起对比效应，而未来的可能性会引起同化。
Close outcomes have been shown to influence counterfactual thoughts and affective reactions. Not quite achieving a goal can be particularly disheartening, and just making it can be particularly uplifting. Prior research (Medvec, Madey, & Gilovich, 1995; Medvec & Savitsky, 1997) has demonstrated a satisfaction reversal: People who just miss a better outcome (e.g., losing by 1 point) actually feel worse than those who were not as close (e.g., losing by 10 points). It was hypothesized that this effect should depend critically on whether there are future possibilities. In Study 1, analyses of newspaper articles showed that reactions to a close game depended on whether it was the first or last game of a series. Study 2 demonstrated a new type of satisfaction reversal: At halftime, people felt better when their team was down by 1 point than if their team was up by 1 point. It is suggested that finality evokes contrast effects and that future possibilities evoke assimilation.
影响因子：
5.4
作者：
S. Taylor;M. Lobel
通讯作者：
S. Taylor;M. Lobel