Priming intelligent behavior: an elusive phenomenon.

Priming intelligent behavior: an elusive phenomenon.
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DOI:
10.1371/journal.pone.0056515
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发表时间:
2013
期刊:
影响因子:
3.7
通讯作者:
Moore C
Moore C
中科院分区:
综合性期刊3区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Shanks DR;Newell BR;Lee EH;Balakrishnan D;Ekelund L;Cenac Z;Kavvadia F;Moore C

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行为是否会通过态度、刻板印象或其他概念的激活而不知不觉地启动?许多研究表明,这种启动效应是可能发生的,其中一个突出的例子是,个人在回答一般知识问题时的准确性会受到激活与智力相关的概念的影响,比如教授或足球流氓。在有475名参与者的9个实验中,我们采用了这些研究中使用的程序,以及这些程序的一些变体,试图获得这种智力启动效应。所有的实验都没有达到这样的效果,尽管经济激励确实提高了绩效。贝叶斯分析表明,零假设得到了相当大的证据支持。这些结果符合词汇启动实验中的典型模式,在词汇启动实验中,启动的概括性非常有限,而潜意识(潜意识)的影响即使发生,也是极其短暂的。我们鼓励其他人探索在什么情况下可能会出现这种现象。
Can behavior be unconsciously primed via the activation of attitudes, stereotypes, or other concepts? A number of studies have suggested that such priming effects can occur, and a prominent illustration is the claim that individuals' accuracy in answering general knowledge questions can be influenced by activating intelligence-related concepts such as professor or soccer hooligan. In 9 experiments with 475 participants we employed the procedures used in these studies, as well as a number of variants of those procedures, in an attempt to obtain this intelligence priming effect. None of the experiments obtained the effect, although financial incentives did boost performance. A Bayesian analysis reveals considerable evidential support for the null hypothesis. The results conform to the pattern typically obtained in word priming experiments in which priming is very narrow in its generalization and unconscious (subliminal) influences, if they occur at all, are extremely short-lived. We encourage others to explore the circumstances in which this phenomenon might be obtained.
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