A mechanistic account of visual discomfort.
A mechanistic account of visual discomfort.
复制标题
DOI：
10.3389/fnins.2023.1200661
复制
发表时间：
2023
影响因子：
4.3
通讯作者：
Haigh, Sarah M.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Penacchio, Olivier;Otazu, Xavier;Wilkins, Arnold J.;Haigh, Sarah M.
关键词：
早期视觉皮层的许多神经机制，从局部方向的提取到通过横向相互作用的上下文调制，被认为已经发展到提供自然场景中轮廓的稀疏编码，使大脑能够有效地处理我们所接触到的大多数视觉场景。然而，某些视觉刺激会引起视觉应激，这是一系列不良反应，从简单的不适到偏头痛发作，以及极端的癫痫发作，所有这些现象都与过度的代谢需求有关。有效编码理论表明，过度的新陈代谢需求和偏离自然统计的图像之间存在联系。然而，联系能量需求和图像空间内容的不适机制仍然难以捉摸。在这里，我们使用的视觉编码的理论，链接图像空间结构和大脑激活的响应图像观察者报告为不舒服的早期视觉皮层，包括兴奋和抑制层，以实现上下文的影响，基于生物学的神经动力学模型。我们发现了三个明显的厌恶图像的标记：模型中更大的整体激活，不那么稀疏的反应，以及空间方向上更不平衡的活动分布。当模型中兴奋与抑制的比率增加时，假设这种现象是个体间对视觉不适敏感性差异的基础，不适的三个标志物逐渐向对不舒适刺激的典型反应的值转移。总的来说，这些研究结果提出了一个统一的机制解释为什么有图像之间的差异和观察者之间的差异，这表明视觉输入和特异质过度兴奋如何引起异常的大脑反应，导致视觉压力。
Much of the neural machinery of the early visual cortex, from the extraction of local orientations to contextual modulations through lateral interactions, is thought to have developed to provide a sparse encoding of contour in natural scenes, allowing the brain to process efficiently most of the visual scenes we are exposed to. Certain visual stimuli, however, cause visual stress, a set of adverse effects ranging from simple discomfort to migraine attacks, and epileptic seizures in the extreme, all phenomena linked with an excessive metabolic demand. The theory of efficient coding suggests a link between excessive metabolic demand and images that deviate from natural statistics. Yet, the mechanisms linking energy demand and image spatial content in discomfort remain elusive. Here, we used theories of visual coding that link image spatial structure and brain activation to characterize the response to images observers reported as uncomfortable in a biologically based neurodynamic model of the early visual cortex that included excitatory and inhibitory layers to implement contextual influences. We found three clear markers of aversive images: a larger overall activation in the model, a less sparse response, and a more unbalanced distribution of activity across spatial orientations. When the ratio of excitation over inhibition was increased in the model, a phenomenon hypothesised to underlie interindividual differences in susceptibility to visual discomfort, the three markers of discomfort progressively shifted toward values typical of the response to uncomfortable stimuli. Overall, these findings propose a unifying mechanistic explanation for why there are differences between images and between observers, suggesting how visual input and idiosyncratic hyperexcitability give rise to abnormal brain responses that result in visual stress.
登录
查看更多内容
影响因子：
2.5
作者：
Cavanaugh, JR;Bair, W;Movshon, JA
通讯作者：
Movshon, JA
影响因子：
5.4
作者：
ATTNEAVE, F
通讯作者：
ATTNEAVE, F
影响因子：
5.5
作者：
CAMPBELL, FW;ROBSON, JG
通讯作者：
ROBSON, JG
影响因子：
1.8
作者：
Field, DJ;Brady, N
通讯作者：
Brady, N
DOI：
10.1016/0013-4694(85)91065-x
发表时间：
1985-01-01
期刊：
ELECTROENCEPHALOGRAPHY AND CLINICAL NEUROPHYSIOLOGY
影响因子：
--
作者：
BINNIE, CD;FINDLAY, J;WILKINS, AJ
通讯作者：
WILKINS, AJ