Potential Therapeutic Use of the Rosemary Diterpene Carnosic Acid for Alzheimer's Disease, Parkinson's Disease, and Long-COVID through NRF2 Activation to Counteract the NLRP3 Inflammasome.
Potential Therapeutic Use of the Rosemary Diterpene Carnosic Acid for Alzheimer's Disease, Parkinson's Disease, and Long-COVID through NRF2 Activation to Counteract the NLRP3 Inflammasome.
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迷迭香二萜鼠尾草酸通过NRF 2活化以抵消NLRP 3炎性体对阿尔茨海默病、帕金森病和长期COVID的潜在治疗用途。
DOI：
10.3390/antiox11010124
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发表时间：
2022-01-06
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Lipton SA
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Satoh T;Trudler D;Oh CK;Lipton SA
迷迭香（Rosmarinus officinalis [唇形科]）是一种经济和美味的草本植物，在许多国家被用作传统药物。迷迭香含有鼠尾草酸（CA）和鼠尾草酚（CS），松香烷型酚二萜，其占其大部分生物学和药理学作用，尽管也有人声称另一种成分迷迭香酸的贡献。本文综述了CA和CS在阿尔茨海默病（AD），帕金森病（PD）和2019冠状病毒病（COVID-19）中的潜在应用，部分通过抑制NLRP 3炎性体。CA通过激活KEAP 1/NRF 2转录途径启动的2期酶诱导发挥抗氧化、抗炎和神经保护作用，这反过来又减弱NLRP 3激活。此外，我们提出CA相关化合物可以作为治疗SARS-CoV-2感染的脑相关后效的药物，称为“长期COVID”。导致COVID-19的一个因素是由于肺上皮细胞和血管内细胞内及其周围的炎症不受调节而从巨噬细胞发出的细胞因子风暴。此外，焦虑和“脑雾”等神经系统后遗症正在成为大流行和大流行后时期的主要问题。许多报告认为，不受调节的NLRP 3炎性小体激活可能潜在地导致COVID-19及其后果的严重性。因此，抑制NLRP 3炎性体活性可能证明对急性肺病和慢性神经学后效都有效。由于CA已被证明不仅作用于全身，而且还穿透血脑屏障，到达脑实质，发挥神经保护作用，我们讨论的证据表明，CA或含有CA的迷迭香提取物可能是一种有效的对策，对急性和慢性病理事件发起的SARS-CoV-2感染，以及其他慢性神经退行性疾病，包括AD和PD。
Rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis [family Lamiaceae]), an herb of economic and gustatory repute, is employed in traditional medicines in many countries. Rosemary contains carnosic acid (CA) and carnosol (CS), abietane-type phenolic diterpenes, which account for most of its biological and pharmacological actions, although claims have also been made for contributions of another constituent, rosmarinic acid. This review focuses on the potential applications of CA and CS for Alzheimer’s disease (AD), Parkinson’s disease (PD), and coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), in part via inhibition of the NLRP3 inflammasome. CA exerts antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and neuroprotective effects via phase 2 enzyme induction initiated by activation of the KEAP1/NRF2 transcriptional pathway, which in turn attenuates NLRP3 activation. In addition, we propose that CA-related compounds may serve as therapeutics against the brain-related after-effects of SARS-CoV-2 infection, termed “long-COVID.” One factor that contributes to COVID-19 is cytokine storm emanating from macrophages as a result of unregulated inflammation in and around lung epithelial and endovascular cells. Additionally, neurological aftereffects such as anxiety and “brain fog” are becoming a major issue for both the pandemic and post-pandemic period. Many reports hold that unregulated NLRP3 inflammasome activation may potentially contribute to the severity of COVID-19 and its aftermath. It is therefore possible that suppression of NLRP3 inflammasome activity may prove efficacious against both acute lung disease and chronic neurological after-effects. Because CA has been shown to not only act systemically but also to penetrate the blood–brain barrier and reach the brain parenchyma to exert neuroprotective effects, we discuss the evidence that CA or rosemary extracts containing CA may represent an effective countermeasure against both acute and chronic pathological events initiated by SARS-CoV-2 infection as well as other chronic neurodegenerative diseases including AD and PD.
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影响因子：
6
作者：
Hugon J;Msika EF;Queneau M;Farid K;Paquet C
通讯作者：
Paquet C
影响因子：
9.3
作者：
Foresti, Roberta;Bains, Sandip K.;Motterlini, Roberto
通讯作者：
Motterlini, Roberto
2019 年冠状病毒病 (COVID-19) 中的铁蛋白：系统评价和荟萃分析
影响因子：
2.7
作者：
Cheng L;Li H;Li L;Liu C;Yan S;Chen H;Li Y
通讯作者：
Li Y
DOI：
10.1016/s2665-9913(21)00321-0
发表时间：
2021-12
期刊：
The Lancet. Rheumatology
影响因子：
--
作者：
Della-Torre E;Criscuolo E;Lanzillotta M;Locatelli M;Clementi N;Mancini N;Dagna L;COVID-BioB study group
通讯作者：
COVID-BioB study group
DOI：
10.3390/molecules26102917
发表时间：
2021-05-14
期刊：
Molecules (Basel, Switzerland)
影响因子：
--
作者：
Fakhri S;Nouri Z;Moradi SZ;Akkol EK;Piri S;Sobarzo-Sánchez E;Farzaei MH;Echeverría J
通讯作者：
Echeverría J