Individual seabirds show consistent foraging strategies in response to predictable fisheries discards
Individual seabirds show consistent foraging strategies in response to predictable fisheries discards
复制标题
个体海鸟表现出一致的觅食策略以应对可预测的渔业丢弃物
DOI：
10.1111/jav.00660
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发表时间：
2015
影响因子：
1.7
通讯作者：
Patrick S
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Patrick S
目前的捕捞方法往往产生大量死亡或垂死的生物质，以抛弃物的形式返回海洋。这种做法为海鸟等许多食腐动物提供了一种现成的聚集资源，但面对种群的减少和政策的变化，未来产生的丢弃物数量将减少。要了解丢弃物如何影响海鸟觅食在过去和鸟类如何应对未来的变化，需要研究检查一致的个人觅食选择。越来越多的证据表明，种群可能由多面手或专业觅食者组成，这是种群适应变化能力的关键。在这里，我们测试一致的个人觅食行为的北方gannetsMorus danganusin渔船和研究后果的觅食努力和身体状况方面的清除行为。使用鸟载生物记录设备（GPS和时间深度记录仪）与通过渔船上的船舶监测系统获得的高分辨率GPS数据相结合，我们研究了鸟类和渔业之间的重叠。我们发现，在同一繁殖季节的重复觅食之旅，塘鹅经常在渔船觅食，但也有明显的个体差异的渔业重叠的程度。此外，我们第一次表明，这些差异代表了一致的策略-在几周内的多次旅行中，清除的个体差异是高度可重复的。然而，尽管有这一发现，我们发现食腐动物和非食腐动物之间的觅食努力或身体状况没有差异。此外，清除策略似乎没有影响潜水行为或性别不同。清除丢弃物似乎是一个战略，一贯采用的人口和未来的工作应该研究这些专业化是否持续多年之间，是什么原因导致这些个体差异，探索可能的人口和健身的后果，在全球变化的鱼类种群和渔业管理。
Current fishing extraction methods often generate huge quantities of dead or dying biomass that is returned to the sea in the form of discards. This practice produces a readily available clumped resource for many scavengers such as seabirds, but in the face of declining stocks and via policy change, the amount of discards produced is set to decline in the future. To understand how discards have influenced seabird foraging in the past and how birds may respond to future change requires studies examining consistent individual foraging choices. There is increasing evidence that populations may be made up of generalist or specialist foragers and this is key to the population's ability to adapt to change. Here we test for consistent individual foraging behaviour of northern gannetsMorus bassanusin relation to fishing vessels and examine consequences of scavenging behaviour in terms of foraging effort and body condition. Using a combination of bird‐borne bio‐logging devices (GPS and Time Depth Recorders) with high resolution GPS data acquired through vessel monitoring systems on fishing boats, we examined the overlap between birds and fisheries. We found that during repeat foraging trips in the same breeding season, gannets regularly foraged at fishing boats but there were also clear among individual differences in the extent of fisheries overlap. Furthermore, we show for the first time that these differences represent consistent strategies – individual differences in scavenging were highly repeatable across multiple trips within a period of several weeks. However, despite this finding, we found no differences in foraging effort or body condition between scavengers and non‐scavengers. Moreover, scavenging strategy did not appear to influence diving behaviour or vary by sex. Scavenging on discards appears to be a strategy employed consistently by a subsection of the population and future work should examine whether these specialisations persist throughout and between years and what causes these individual differences, exploring possible demographic and fitness consequences in light of global changes to fish stocks and fisheries management.
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中心位置海洋捕食者搜索行为和空间觅食一致性的个体差异
影响因子：
3.4
作者：
Patrick S
通讯作者：
Patrick S
影响因子：
10.3
作者：
Fort, Jerome;Pettex, Emeline;Gremillet, David
通讯作者：
Gremillet, David
影响因子：
3.8
作者：
Catchpole, TL;Frid, CLJ;Gray, TS
通讯作者：
Gray, TS
影响因子：
2.5
作者：
Torres, Leigh G.;Thompson, David R.;Robertson, Bruce C.
通讯作者：
Robertson, Bruce C.
影响因子：
4.8
作者：
Hamer, K. C.;Humphreys, E. M.;Wanless, S.
通讯作者：
Wanless, S.