Non-Musculoskeletal Benefits of Vitamin D beyond the Musculoskeletal System.
Non-Musculoskeletal Benefits of Vitamin D beyond the Musculoskeletal System.
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DOI：
10.3390/ijms22042128
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发表时间：
2021-02-21
影响因子：
5.6
通讯作者：
Li W
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Zhang S;Miller DD;Li W
维生素D是一种脂溶的前激素，在阳光照射下内源性合成，或从膳食补充剂中摄取。由于维生素D受体存在于人体的大多数组织和细胞中，人们对维生素D在人体中的作用的了解越来越多，这表明它不仅在肌肉骨骼系统中发挥重要作用，而且在其他地方也有有益的影响。本文综述了维生素D的代谢，维生素D缺乏的可能危险因素，以及维生素D缺乏与多种疾病的关系，包括软骨病、骨质疏松症和骨软化症、肌肉无力和跌倒、自身免疫性疾病、感染性疾病、心血管疾病、癌症和神经系统疾病。文中还讨论了维生素D的全系统效应和疾病的发病机制。虽然越来越多的证据支持维生素D缺乏与身体和精神障碍之间的联系，以及维生素D对健康维护和疾病预防的有益影响，但对于维生素D的有益影响仍然存在争议。因此，需要更多设计良好和统计有力的试验来评估维生素D在优化健康和预防疾病方面的作用。
Vitamin D, a fat-soluble prohormone, is endogenously synthesized in response to sunlight or taken from dietary supplements. Since vitamin D receptors are present in most tissues and cells in the body, the mounting understanding of the role of vitamin D in humans indicates that it does not only play an important role in the musculoskeletal system, but has beneficial effects elsewhere as well. This review summarizes the metabolism of vitamin D, the research regarding the possible risk factors leading to vitamin D deficiency, and the relationships between vitamin D deficiency and numerous illnesses, including rickets, osteoporosis and osteomalacia, muscle weakness and falls, autoimmune disorders, infectious diseases, cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), cancers, and neurological disorders. The system-wide effects of vitamin D and the mechanisms of the diseases are also discussed. Although accumulating evidence supports associations of vitamin D deficiency with physical and mental disorders and beneficial effects of vitamin D with health maintenance and disease prevention, there continue to be controversies over the beneficial effects of vitamin D. Thus, more well-designed and statistically powered trials are required to enable the assessment of vitamin D’s role in optimizing health and preventing disease.
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