Stochastic Subgrid-Scale Ocean Mixing: Impacts on Low-Frequency Variability

Stochastic Subgrid-Scale Ocean Mixing: Impacts on Low-Frequency Variability
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随机次网格规模海洋混合:对低频变异性的影响

DOI:
10.1175/jcli-d-16-0539.1
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发表时间:
2017
期刊:
影响因子:
4.9
通讯作者:
Juricke S
Juricke S
中科院分区:
地球科学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Juricke S

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在全球海洋模式中,小尺度高频过程的表现对大尺度海洋环流及其低频变率有很大影响。本文研究了基于三种不同亚网格尺度参数化的随机扰动方案对采用1°分辨率的海洋模式NEMO进行的多年代海洋模拟的影响。这三个参数化是一个增强的垂直扩散方案的不稳定层结,根特-麦克威廉姆斯(GM)计划,和湍流动能混合计划,所有常用的国家的最先进的海洋模型。这里的重点是在年际变化所造成的频率较高的随机扰动与亚季节去相关时间尺度的变化。这些扰动导致显着的改善,在海洋中的低频变化的代表性,与随机GM计划显示出最强的影响。南大洋涡动和欧拉流函数的年际变率分别增加了一个数量级和20%。年际海面高度变率也增加了约20%-25%,特别是在南大洋和黑潮区域,与再分析和测高观测相比,模式中的年际变率被严重低估。这些结果表明,提高海洋模型的次网格尺度变异性可以改善模型的变异性,并可能提高其对更长时间尺度上的强迫的反应,同时还提供了模型不确定性的估计。
In global ocean models, the representation of small-scale, high-frequency processes considerably influences the large-scale oceanic circulation and its low-frequency variability. This study investigates the impact of stochastic perturbation schemes based on three different subgrid-scale parameterizations in multidecadal ocean-only simulations with the ocean model NEMO at 1° resolution. The three parameterizations are an enhanced vertical diffusion scheme for unstable stratification, the Gent–McWilliams (GM) scheme, and a turbulent kinetic energy mixing scheme, all commonly used in state-of-the-art ocean models. The focus here is on changes in interannual variability caused by the comparatively high-frequency stochastic perturbations with subseasonal decorrelation time scales. These perturbations lead to significant improvements in the representation of low-frequency variability in the ocean, with the stochastic GM scheme showing the strongest impact. Interannual variability of the Southern Ocean eddy and Eulerian streamfunctions is increased by an order of magnitude and by 20%, respectively. Interannual sea surface height variability is increased by about 20%–25% as well, especially in the Southern Ocean and in the Kuroshio region, consistent with a strong underestimation of interannual variability in the model when compared to reanalysis and altimetry observations. These results suggest that enhancing subgrid-scale variability in ocean models can improve model variability and potentially its response to forcing on much longer time scales, while also providing an estimate of model uncertainty.
高斯积随机 Gent–McWilliams 参数化
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