Structures of Bacterial RNA Polymerase Complexes Reveal the Mechanism of DNA Loading and Transcription Initiation.

Structures of Bacterial RNA Polymerase Complexes Reveal the Mechanism of DNA Loading and Transcription Initiation.
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DOI:
10.1016/j.molcel.2018.05.021
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发表时间:
2018-06-21
期刊:
影响因子:
16
通讯作者:
Zhang X
Zhang X
中科院分区:
生物学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Glyde R;Ye F;Jovanovic M;Kotta-Loizou I;Buck M;Zhang X

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基因转录是通过多亚基 RNA 聚合酶 (RNAP) 进行的。转录起始是一个动态的多步骤过程,涉及打开双链 DNA 以形成转录泡,并将模板链输送到 RNAP 深处以进行 RNA 合成。将冷冻电镜应用于使用主要细菌变异 sigma 因子 σ54 (σN) 的独特转录系统,我们在 4.1 Å 处捕获了一个新的中间状态,其中启动子 DNA 在 RNAP 裂口的入口处被捕获。结合开放启动子复合物的新结构和分别为 3.4 和 3.7 Å 的初始从头转录复合物,我们的研究揭示了 DNA 加载的动态和转录气泡稳定的机制,其中涉及 RNAP 和 DNA 内普遍保守特征的协调、大规模构象变化。此外,我们的研究揭示了 σ54 链分离的新机制。中间转录起始复合物的结构 开放复合物和从头起始转录复合物的结构 用于转录起始的耦合 DNA 加载和解旋模型 通过分隔两条 DNA 链的螺旋来稳定转录气泡 Glyde 等人。报告了细菌转录起始复合物的三种冷冻电镜结构。这些结构支持耦合的 DNA 加载和解旋模型,该模型涉及 RNA 聚合酶夹的初始打开,以促进 DNA 加载,然后关闭以完成加载,这也会导致 DNA 解旋。
Gene transcription is carried out by multi-subunit RNA polymerases (RNAPs). Transcription initiation is a dynamic multi-step process that involves the opening of the double-stranded DNA to form a transcription bubble and delivery of the template strand deep into the RNAP for RNA synthesis. Applying cryoelectron microscopy to a unique transcription system using σ54 (σN), the major bacterial variant sigma factor, we capture a new intermediate state at 4.1 Å where promoter DNA is caught at the entrance of the RNAP cleft. Combining with new structures of the open promoter complex and an initial de novo transcribing complex at 3.4 and 3.7 Å, respectively, our studies reveal the dynamics of DNA loading and mechanism of transcription bubble stabilization that involves coordinated, large-scale conformational changes of the universally conserved features within RNAP and DNA. In addition, our studies reveal a novel mechanism of strand separation by σ54. Structure of an intermediate transcription initiation complex Structures of an open complex and a de novo initial transcribing complex A coupled DNA load and unwind model for transcription initiation Transcription bubble stabilized by a helix separating the two DNA strands Glyde et al. report three cryo-EM structures of bacterial transcription initiation complexes. These structures support a coupled DNA load and unwind model that involves an initial opening of the RNA polymerase clamp to facilitate DNA loading before it closes down to complete the loading, which also leads to DNA unwinding.
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