CRISPR screens for lipid regulators reveal a role for ER-bound SNX13 in lysosomal cholesterol export.

CRISPR screens for lipid regulators reveal a role for ER-bound SNX13 in lysosomal cholesterol export.
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DOI:
10.1083/jcb.202105060
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发表时间:
2022-02-07
期刊:
The Journal of cell biology
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Pfeffer SR
Pfeffer SR
中科院分区:
其他
文献类型:
--
作者:
Lu A;Hsieh F;Sharma BR;Vaughn SR;Enrich C;Pfeffer SR

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在有和没有NPC 1功能的情况下进行的全基因组CRISPR筛选鉴定了协调控制溶酶体胆固醇和双(单酰基甘油)磷酸的共享途径。ER定位的SNX 13蛋白在修饰NPC 1功能和形成膜接触以调节细胞胆固醇定位中起着意想不到的调节作用。我们在这里报告了两个全基因组CRISPR筛选,以识别基因,当敲除时,改变溶酶体胆固醇或双(单酰基甘油)磷酸盐的水平。此外,这些筛选也在NPC 1抑制条件下进行,以鉴定NPC 1在溶酶体胆固醇输出中功能的修饰剂。筛选证实了细胞中胆固醇和双(单酰基甘油)磷酸盐的紧密共调节,并揭示了ER定位的SNX 13蛋白作为溶酶体胆固醇输出的负调节剂和ER-溶酶体膜接触位点的贡献者的意想不到的作用。在NPC 1功能不存在的情况下,SNX 13敲低会重新分配溶酶体胆固醇,并伴随富含三酰甘油的脂滴积聚和溶酶体双(单酰甘油)磷酸盐增加。这些实验提供了意想不到的了解溶酶体脂质的调节和这些过程的新的基因产物的修改。
Genome-wide CRISPR screens carried out with and without NPC1 function identify shared pathways that coordinately control lysosomal cholesterol and bis(monoacylglycero)phosphate. ER-localized SNX13 protein plays an unexpected regulatory role in modifying NPC1 function and forming membrane contacts to regulate cellular cholesterol localization. We report here two genome-wide CRISPR screens performed to identify genes that, when knocked out, alter levels of lysosomal cholesterol or bis(monoacylglycero)phosphate. In addition, these screens were also performed under conditions of NPC1 inhibition to identify modifiers of NPC1 function in lysosomal cholesterol export. The screens confirm tight coregulation of cholesterol and bis(monoacylglycero)phosphate in cells and reveal an unexpected role for the ER-localized SNX13 protein as a negative regulator of lysosomal cholesterol export and contributor to ER–lysosome membrane contact sites. In the absence of NPC1 function, SNX13 knockdown redistributes lysosomal cholesterol and is accompanied by triacylglycerol-rich lipid droplet accumulation and increased lysosomal bis(monoacylglycero)phosphate. These experiments provide unexpected insight into the regulation of lysosomal lipids and modification of these processes by novel gene products.
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