Antifungal proteins: More than antimicrobials?

Antifungal proteins: More than antimicrobials?
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DOI:
10.1016/j.fbr.2012.07.002
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发表时间:
2013-01
影响因子:
6
通讯作者:
Marx, Florentine
Marx, Florentine
中科院分区:
生物学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Hegedues, Nikoletta;Marx, Florentine

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抗菌蛋白(Antimicrobial Proteins,AMP)广泛存在于自然界中。在高等真核生物中,抗菌肽为宿主提供了对抗入侵病原体的重要防御机制。低等真核生物和原核生物的AMP可以支持与相同生态位的其他微生物成功竞争营养。抗菌肽在结构、功能、抗菌谱和作用机制等方面表现出广泛的多样性。最有趣的是,越来越多的证据表明AMP还具有重要的生物学功能,而不是抗菌活性。本文综述了哺乳动物、昆虫、植物和真菌中富含半胱氨酸的阳离子抗菌肽的抗真菌作用机制,旨在总结其生物学特性,为抗菌肽在医药、农业和生物技术领域的应用开辟新的前景。哺乳动物、昆虫、植物和真菌产生各种抗菌蛋白(AMP)。这篇综述主要集中在小的,富含半胱氨酸的抗真菌蛋白。描述了它们的抗菌谱、结构和作用机制。基于其信号传导活性的其他生物学功能被强调。多种功能赋予AMP巨大的医疗/生物技术潜力。
Antimicrobial proteins (AMPs) are widely distributed in nature. In higher eukaryotes, AMPs provide the host with an important defence mechanism against invading pathogens. AMPs of lower eukaryotes and prokaryotes may support successful competition for nutrients with other microorganisms of the same ecological niche. AMPs show a vast variety in structure, function, antimicrobial spectrum and mechanism of action. Most interestingly, there is growing evidence that AMPs also fulfil important biological functions other than antimicrobial activity. The present review focuses on the mechanistic function of small, cationic, cysteine-rich AMPs of mammals, insects, plants and fungi with antifungal activity and specifically aims at summarizing current knowledge concerning additional biological properties which opens novel aspects for their future use in medicine, agriculture and biotechnology. ► Mammals, insects, plants and fungi produce various antimicrobial proteins (AMPs). ► This review focuses on small, cysteine-rich antifungal proteins. ► Their antifungal spectrum, structure and mode of action are described. ► Additional biological functions based on their signalling activity are highlighted. ► The multitude of functions endows AMPs with great medical/biotechnological potential.
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