Dynamic Fungal Cell Wall Architecture in Stress Adaptation and Immune Evasion.

Dynamic Fungal Cell Wall Architecture in Stress Adaptation and Immune Evasion.
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应激适应和免疫逃避中的动态真菌细胞壁结构。

DOI:
10.1016/j.tim.2018.01.007
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发表时间:
2018-04
影响因子:
15.9
通讯作者:
Wheeler RT
Wheeler RT
中科院分区:
生物学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Hopke A;Brown AJP;Hall RA;Wheeler RT

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来自机会性真菌的致命感染的频率有所上升,主要是因为现代医学的进步和艾滋病毒/艾滋病大流行造成了处于危险之中的免疫受损人群。本文综述了真菌多糖细胞壁的动态变化,它既是环境屏障,又是与宿主免疫系统的主要界面,在真菌的发病和治疗中起着非常重要的作用。人类真菌病原体使用结构策略来屏蔽宿主的表位,防止免疫监视,最近的工作阐明了感染过程中存在的生物和非生物应激是如何阻止或加强掩盖的。参与调节真菌免疫识别的信号成分可以告诉我们如何控制细胞壁动力学,并代表着旨在增强或抑制免疫的干预措施的潜在靶点。
Deadly infections from opportunistic fungi have risen in frequency, largely because of the at-risk immunocompromised population created by advances in modern medicine and the HIV/AIDS pandemic. This review focuses on dynamics of the fungal polysaccharide cell wall, which plays an outsized role in fungal pathogenesis and therapy because it acts as both an environmental barrier and as the major interface with the host immune system. Human fungal pathogens use architectural strategies to mask epitopes from the host and prevent immune surveillance, and recent work elucidates how biotic and abiotic stresses present during infection can either block or enhance masking. The signaling components implicated in regulating fungal immune recognition can teach us how cell wall dynamics are controlled, and represent potential targets for interventions designed to boost or dampen immunity.
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