Earthquake-related speleothem damages: observations from the 2008 Mw 7.9 Wenchuan, China
Earthquake-related speleothem damages: observations from the 2008 Mw 7.9 Wenchuan, China
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与地震有关的洞穴破坏：来自 2008 年 Mw 7.9 中国汶川的观测
DOI：
10.1016/j.geomorph.2020.107130
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发表时间：
2020-06
期刊：
影响因子：
3.9
通讯作者：
Gang Zhang
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Xue-qinZhao;Fu-dong Wang;Sophie Verheyden;Jing Liu-zeng;Gang Zhang
对青藏高原东部龙门山断裂带沿着的十几个洞穴遗址进行了洞穴地震学研究。目的是评估汶川7.9级地震对洞穴沉积物造成的破坏。结果表明，地震导致洞穴部分或全部倒塌。研究表明，“苏打吸管”特别容易受到地震损坏，但统计分析表明，纺锤形和细长形吸管也很可能断裂。洞穴深度也被证明对地震期间裂缝的发育起着重要作用。下降钟乳石的测量方向优先对齐同震地表偏移峰值，因此地震波传播的方向。几个这样的破坏洞穴被突然同震运动所造成的观察。汶川地震引起的顶板（上盘）运动方向为NW-NNW，与映秀-北川断裂下盘的块体运动一致。我们推断洞穴中的断层不是汶川地震的同震构造，而是地震诱发重力蠕动的正断层。
A speleoseismological study has been conducted at over a dozen cave sites along the Longmen Shan fault zone of the eastern Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. The aim was to assess the damage inflicted on speleothems by the Mw 7.9 Wenchuan earthquake. Results show that the earthquake led to either partial or complete collapse of the caves. ‘Soda straws’ are shown to be particularly vulnerable to earthquake damage, but statistical analyses indicate that the spindle and slender shapes are also very likely to break. Cave depth is also shown to play an important role in the fracture development during the earthquake. The measured orientations of fallen stalactites are preferentially aligned to the coseismic surface offset peaks and therefore to the direction of earthquake wave propagation. Several such damaged speleothems resulting from sudden co-seismic movements were observed. The direction of ceiling (hanging wall) movement caused by the Wenchuan earthquake is NW-NNW, consistent with block motion on the footwall of the Yingxiu-Beichuan fault. We inferred that the faults in the caves were not co-seismic structures of the Wenchuan earthquake; but instead they are likely normal faults as the result of gravity creeping induced by the earthquake.
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