Redox- and hypoxia-responsive MRI contrast agents.

Redox- and hypoxia-responsive MRI contrast agents.
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DOI:
10.1002/cmdc.201402034
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发表时间:
2014-06
期刊:
影响因子:
3.4
通讯作者:
Sherry, A. Dean
Sherry, A. Dean
中科院分区:
医学4区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Do, Quyen N.;Ratnakar, James S.;Kovacs, Zoltan;Sherry, A. Dean

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在过去的20年里,能够报告特定生物标志物或生物事件的响应性或“智能”磁共振成像(MRI)造影剂的开发一直是MRI造影剂研究的重点。在各种感兴趣的生物学标志中,组织氧化还原和缺氧因其在疾病状态和代谢后果中的作用而尤为重要。在此,我们回顾了氧化还原/缺氧敏感T1缩短和顺磁化学交换饱和转移(PARACEST) MRI造影剂的发展。传统上,氧化还原敏感的Gd3+基配合物的弛性是通过改变配体结构或分子旋转来调节的,而PARACEST传感器利用金属结合水交换率对配体垂臂电子效应和配位几何形状变化的敏感性。较新的设计涉及氧化还原活性金属离子的配合物,其中氧化态具有不同的磁性。在体内翻译氧化还原和缺氧敏感剂的挑战也被解决。
The development of responsive or “smart” magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) contrast agents that can report specific biomarker or biological events has been the focus of MRI contrast agent research over the past 20 years. Among various biological hallmarks of interest, tissue redox and hypoxia are particularly important owing to their roles in disease states and metabolic consequences. Herein we review the development of redox-/hypoxia-sensitive T1 shortening and paramagnetic chemical exchange saturation transfer (PARACEST) MRI contrast agents. Traditionally, the relaxivity of redox-sensitive Gd3+-based complexes is modulated through changes in the ligand structure or molecular rotation, while PARACEST sensors exploit the sensitivity of the metal-bound water exchange rate to electronic effects of the ligand-pendant arms and alterations in the coordination geometry. Newer designs involve complexes of redox-active metal ions in which the oxidation states have different magnetic properties. The challenges of translating redox- and hypoxia-sensitive agents in vivo are also addressed.
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