Post-Golgi Sec proteins are required for autophagy in Saccharomyces cerevisiae.

Post-Golgi Sec proteins are required for autophagy in Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
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DOI:
10.1091/mbc.e09-11-0969
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发表时间:
2010-07-01
影响因子:
3.3
通讯作者:
Klionsky DJ
Klionsky DJ
中科院分区:
生物学3区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Geng J;Nair U;Yasumura-Yorimitsu K;Klionsky DJ

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巨自噬与人类的各种疾病有关,包括癌症和神经变性。形态学特征是双膜自噬体的形成,这是巨自噬最复杂的方面。我们证明了后高尔基体Sec蛋白,Sec2和Sec4,在自噬体形成的作用。在真核细胞中,自噬介导胞质内容物的降解以响应环境变化。真菌中的遗传分析已经确定了30多个自噬相关(ATG)基因,并为这一过程的分子机制提供了实质性的见解。然而,一个尚未解决的重要问题是形成自噬体的脂质的来源,自噬体是对自噬至关重要的螯合囊泡。在这里,我们报告说,两个后高尔基体蛋白,Sec2和Sec4,所需的自噬。Sec4是Rab家族的一种GTP酶,Sec2是其鸟嘌呤核苷酸交换因子。在sec2和sec4条件突变酵母,顺行运动Atg9,一个建议的膜载体,在饥饿条件下受损。类似地,在sec2突变体中,Atg8被低效地募集到吞噬细胞组装位点,其参与自噬体生物发生,导致产生更少的自噬体。我们提出,自噬诱导后,Sec2和Sec4的功能被转移到直接膜流动的自噬体形成。
Macroautophagy is linked to various diseases in humans, including cancer and neurodegeneration. The morphological hallmark is the formation of the double-membrane autophagosome, which is the most complex aspect of macroautophagy. We demonstrate a role for post-Golgi Sec proteins, Sec2 and Sec4, in autophagosome formation. In eukaryotic cells, autophagy mediates the degradation of cytosolic contents in response to environmental change. Genetic analyses in fungi have identified over 30 autophagy-related (ATG) genes and provide substantial insight into the molecular mechanism of this process. However, one essential issue that has not been resolved is the origin of the lipids that form the autophagosome, the sequestering vesicle that is critical for autophagy. Here, we report that two post-Golgi proteins, Sec2 and Sec4, are required for autophagy. Sec4 is a Rab family GTPase, and Sec2 is its guanine nucleotide exchange factor. In sec2 and sec4 conditional mutant yeast, the anterograde movement of Atg9, a proposed membrane carrier, is impaired during starvation conditions. Similarly, in the sec2 mutant, Atg8 is inefficiently recruited to the phagophore assembly site, which is involved in autophagosome biogenesis, resulting in the generation of fewer autophagosomes. We propose that following autophagy induction the function of Sec2 and Sec4 are diverted to direct membrane flow to autophagosome formation.
多特异性语法同源物,VAM3P,对于自噬和生物合成蛋白传输到液泡必不可少。
DOI: 10.1083/jcb.138.3.517
发表时间: 1997-08-11
影响因子: 7.8
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发表时间: 1995-11
影响因子: 7.8
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DOI: 10.1002/j.1460-2075.1996.tb01037.x
发表时间: 1996-12-02
期刊: EMBO JOURNAL
影响因子: 11.4
作者:
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通讯作者: Gallwitz, D