miR-9, a MYC/MYCN-activated microRNA, regulates E-cadherin and cancer metastasis.

miR-9, a MYC/MYCN-activated microRNA, regulates E-cadherin and cancer metastasis.
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DOI:
10.1038/ncb2024
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发表时间:
2010-03
影响因子:
21.3
通讯作者:
Weinberg, Robert A.
Weinberg, Robert A.
中科院分区:
生物学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Ma, Li;Young, Jennifer;Prabhala, Harsha;Pan, Elizabeth;Mestdagh, Pieter;Muth, Daniel;Teruya-Feldstein, Julie;Reinhardt, Ferenc;Onder, Tamer T.;Valastyan, Scott;Westermann, Frank;Speleman, Frank;Vandesompele, Jo;Weinberg, Robert A.

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微小RNA(miRNAs)在调控癌症的恶性进展中所起的作用日益受到关注。在此我们发现,在乳腺癌细胞中水平上调的miR - 9直接作用于编码E - 钙黏蛋白的mRNA——CDH1,导致细胞运动性和侵袭性增加。miR - 9介导的E - 钙黏蛋白下调导致β - 连环蛋白信号通路激活,这有助于上调编码血管内皮生长因子(VEGF)的基因的表达;进而导致肿瘤血管生成增加。在原本无转移的乳腺肿瘤细胞中过表达miR - 9可使这些细胞在小鼠体内形成肺微转移灶。相反,在高度恶性的细胞中使用“miRNA海绵”抑制miR - 9可抑制转移灶的形成。miR - 9的表达由MYC和MYCN激活,这两者都直接结合到mir - 9 - 3基因座上。值得注意的是,在人类癌症中,miR - 9的水平与MYCN扩增、肿瘤分级和转移状态相关。这些发现揭示了一个涉及促进转移的miRNA的调控和信号通路,该miRNA预计会直接影响关键的转移抑制蛋白E - 钙黏蛋白的表达。
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are increasingly implicated in regulating the malignant progression of cancer. Here we show that miR-9, the level of which is upregulated in breast cancer cells, directly targets CDH1, the E-cadherin-encoding mRNA, leading to increased cell motility and invasiveness. miR-9-mediated E-cadherin downregulation results in the activation of β-catenin signaling, which contributes to upregulated expression of the gene encoding vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF); this leads, in turn, to increased tumor angiogenesis. Overexpression of miR-9 in otherwise-non-metastatic breast tumor cells enables these cells to form pulmonary micrometastases in mice. Conversely, inhibiting miR-9 using a ‘miRNA sponge’ in highly malignant cells inhibits metastasis formation. Expression of miR-9 is activated by MYC and MYCN, both of which directly bind to the mir-9-3 locus. Significantly, in human cancers, miR-9 levels correlate with MYCN amplification, tumor grade, and metastatic status. These findings uncover a regulatory and signaling pathway involving a metastasis-promoting miRNA that is predicted to directly target expression of the key metastasis-suppressing protein E-cadherin.
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