Animal models for HIV/AIDS research.

Animal models for HIV/AIDS research.
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DOI:
10.1038/nrmicro2911
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发表时间:
2012-12
期刊:
Nature reviews. Microbiology
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艾滋病流行病继续给我们带来独特的科学和公共卫生挑战。虽然有效的抗逆转录病毒疗法的发展是一个重大的胜利,但抗药性的出现需要积极管理治疗方案和继续开发新的抗逆转录病毒药物。此外,尽管进行了近30年的深入研究,但我们仍然缺乏生产安全有效的艾滋病毒1型疫苗所必需的基本科学知识。动物模型在艾滋病毒/艾滋病研究中具有明显的优势,可以对疾病进行更具侵入性的调查,并进行药物和疫苗的临床前试验。人源化小鼠模型、非人灵长类动物免疫遗传学和重组攻击病毒的进展极大地增加了可用小鼠和猿模型的数量和复杂性。了解这些模型的优点和局限性对于设计动物研究以指导开发用于预防和治疗HIV-1感染的疫苗和抗逆转录病毒疗法至关重要。
The AIDS pandemic continues to present us with unique scientific and public health challenges. Although the development of effective antiretroviral therapy has been a major triumph, the emergence of drug resistance requires active management of treatment regimens and the continued development of new antiretroviral drugs. Moreover, despite nearly 30 years of intensive investigation, we still lack the basic scientific knowledge necessary to produce a safe and effective vaccine against HIV-1. Animal models offer obvious advantages in the study of HIV/AIDS, allowing for a more invasive investigation of the disease and for preclinical testing of drugs and vaccines. Advances in humanized mouse models, non-human primate immunogenetics and recombinant challenge viruses have greatly increased the number and sophistication of available mouse and simian models. Understanding the advantages and limitations of each of these models is essential for the design of animal studies to guide the development of vaccines and antiretroviral therapies for the prevention and treatment of HIV-1 infection.
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