Assessing secondhand smoke using biological markers.
Assessing secondhand smoke using biological markers.
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DOI：
10.1136/tobaccocontrol-2011-050298
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发表时间：
2013-05
期刊：
影响因子：
5.2
通讯作者：
Hecht SS
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Avila-Tang E;Al-Delaimy WK;Ashley DL;Benowitz N;Bernert JT;Kim S;Samet JM;Hecht SS
二手烟暴露（SHSe）是已知的导致成人和儿童诸多不良健康影响的原因。在世界范围内，二手烟暴露评估日益成为烟草控制研究和实施的一个要素。尽管评估二手烟暴露的方法已经发展了数十年，但仍然存在未解决的方法学问题；因此，召开了一次多学科专家会议，对评估二手烟暴露的方法进行分类，目的是为研究人员提供一套统一的方法供未来使用，从而促进不同研究结果的比较。该会议在美国马里兰州巴尔的摩的约翰霍普金斯大学举行，得到了空乘人员医学研究所（FAMRI）的支持。撰写了一系列文章来总结关于自我报告、环境和生物二手烟暴露测量的已知情况。不吸烟者会吸入二手烟中的有毒物质，这些物质主要是有机材料燃烧的产物，并非烟草烟雾暴露所特有。二手烟暴露特有的生物标志物是尼古丁及其代谢物（例如可替宁），以及4 -（甲基亚硝胺基）-1 -（3 -吡啶基）-1 -丁酮（NNK）的代谢物。可替宁是二手烟暴露首选的血液、唾液和尿液生物标志物。可替宁和尼古丁也可在头发和脚趾甲中测量。NNAL（4 -[甲基亚硝胺基]-1 -[3 -吡啶基]-1 -丁醇），NNK的一种代谢物，可在暴露于二手烟的非吸烟者尿液中测定。二手烟暴露特定生物标志物的选择以及分析的生物介质取决于所关注的科学或公共卫生问题、研究设计和环境、研究对象以及资金。本文稿总结了关于使用生物标志物测量二手烟暴露、分析方法、生物基质及其解释的科学证据。
Secondhand smoke exposure (SHSe) is a known cause of many adverse health effects in adults and children. Increasingly, SHSe assessment is an element of tobacco control research and implementation worldwide. In spite of decades of development of approaches to assess SHSe, there are still unresolved methodological issues; therefore, a multidisciplinary expert meeting was held to catalogue the approaches to assess SHSe and with the goal of providing a set of uniform methods for future use by investigators and thereby facilitate comparisons of findings across studies. The meeting, held at Johns Hopkins, in Baltimore, Maryland, USA, was supported by the Flight Attendant Medical Research Institute (FAMRI). A series of articles were developed to summarise what is known about self-reported, environmental and biological SHSe measurements. Non-smokers inhale toxicants in SHS, which are mainly products of combustion of organic materials and are not specific to tobacco smoke exposure. Biomarkers specific to SHSe are nicotine and its metabolites (eg, cotinine), and metabolites of 4-(methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanone (NNK). Cotinine is the preferred blood, saliva and urine biomarker for SHSe. Cotinine and nicotine can also be measured in hair and toenails. NNAL (4-[methylnitrosamino]-1-[3-pyridyl]-1-butanol), a metabolite of NNK, can be determined in the urine of SHS-exposed non-smokers. The selection of a particular biomarker of SHSe and the analytic biological medium depends on the scientific or public health question of interest, study design and setting, subjects, and funding. This manuscript summarises the scientific evidence on the use of biomarkers to measure SHSe, analytical methods, biological matrices and their interpretation.
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影响因子：
5
作者：
Al-Delaimy, Wael K.;Stampfer, Meir J.;Willett, Walter C.
通讯作者：
Willett, Walter C.
影响因子：
2.2
作者：
BJERCKE, RJ;COOK, G;LANGONE, JJ
通讯作者：
LANGONE, JJ
影响因子：
3.8
作者：
Carmella, Steven G.;Yoder, Andrea;Hecht, Stephen S.
通讯作者：
Hecht, Stephen S.
影响因子：
3.1
作者：
Eisner, Mark D;Balmes, John;Blanc, Paul D
通讯作者：
Blanc, Paul D
影响因子：
4.7
作者：
Benowitz, Neal L.;Dains, Katherine M.;Jacob, Peyton, III
通讯作者：
Jacob, Peyton, III