Self-regulation in Preschool Children: Factor Structure of Different Measures of Effortful Control and Executive Functions
Self-regulation in Preschool Children: Factor Structure of Different Measures of Effortful Control and Executive Functions
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学龄前儿童的自我调节：不同努力控制和执行功能措施的因素结构
DOI：
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发表时间：
2021
影响因子：
2.1
通讯作者：
Claudia M. Roebers
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Sonja Kälin;Claudia M. Roebers
摘要气质努力控制（EC）和执行功能（EF）是研究儿童自我调节的两个框架。尽管它们来自不同的研究传统，但它们在概念和理论上有许多相似之处，其相应的任务通常可以互换使用。然而，很少有人知道如何以及是否可以区分这两个结构的经验。本研究旨在为这一问题的调查做出贡献。采用两种常见的行为EC任务和一份EC问卷对230名4-6岁学龄前儿童进行了测试。此外，该评估包括EF的三个子成分，即抑制，工作记忆和转移的共同措施。数据进行相关分析和验证性因素分析。根据我们的假设，我们发现大多数EC和EF措施之间存在显着的正相关关系，并且我们的研究结果支持单因素模型，其中所有EC和EF任务都显着加载在潜在因素上。此外，这种潜在的结构普遍存在于性别和年龄之间。这些研究结果表明，在这项研究中使用的各种常见的EC和EF任务似乎都利用类似的方面的自我调节，因此支持一个综合的模型，自我调节包括EC和EF。我们的研究结果进一步被认为是信息为未来的研究使用不同的EC和EF任务。
ABSTRACT Temperamental effortful control (EC) and executive functions (EF) are two frameworks for studying self-regulation in children. Despite stemming from different research traditions, they show many conceptual and theoretical similarities and their corresponding tasks are often used interchangeably. However, little is known about how and whether the two constructs can be distinguished empirically. The present study aimed to contribute to the investigation of this issue. A sample of 230 preschool children aged 4–6 years were tested with two common behavioral EC tasks and an EC questionnaire. Furthermore, the assessment included common measures of the three subcomponents of EF, namely inhibition, working memory, and shifting. Data were analyzed using correlational and confirmatory factor analyses. In accordance with our hypotheses, we found significant positive correlations between most EC and EF measures, and a single factor model, in which all EC and EF tasks loaded significantly on the underlying factor, was supported by our results. Moreover, this latent construct generalized across gender and age. These findings show that the variety of common EC and EF tasks used in this study all seem to tap similar aspects of self-regulation and therefore support an integrated model of self-regulation encompassing EC and EF. Our results are further considered to be informative for future research using different EC and EF tasks.
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