Social context mediates the expression of a personality trait in a gregarious lizard.
Social context mediates the expression of a personality trait in a gregarious lizard.
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DOI：
10.1007/s00442-022-05269-7
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发表时间：
2022-12
期刊：
影响因子：
2.7
通讯作者：
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
社会环境是影响各种物种行为特征的关键因素。然而，在调查个体行为差异时，研究倾向于将动物与其他同类隔离开来--甚至在社会物种中也是如此。令人惊讶的是，孤立测量的行为特征是否能预测在社会群体中的个人水平的行为，人们仍然知之甚少。在这里，我们反复测量了冒险行为(即胆大；总共741次试验)，在存在和不存在同种特性的情况下，社会蜥蜴(Lamproolis Delicata)是一种精致的石龙子。此外，我们在集体试验期间操纵了食物供应，以测试社会环境对冒险行为的影响是否通过竞争资源来调节。使用从三个独立种群收集的105只蜥蜴，我们发现，无论是在社会孤立的情况下，还是在有和没有食物资源的群体中测量时，个体的冒险行为都是可重复的。然而，在个体试验中更大胆的蜥蜴在群体中并不也更大胆，无论资源是否可用。这在很大程度上是由社会行为可塑性的个体差异推动的，即个体对同种特征的存在做出不同的反应。总而言之，这导致了不同社会条件下个人行为类型的等级顺序变化。我们的结果强调了社会环境在不同资源可获得性水平上调节动物个性特征的重要性。此外，这些发现表明，当孤立地测量行为特征时，当在更符合生态现实的社会群体中测量时，行为特征可能并不反映个人行为的差异。网上版载有补充材料，可在10.1007/s00442-022-05269-7查阅。
The social environment is a key factor that influences behavioural traits across a wide array of species. Yet, when investigating individual differences in behaviour, studies tend to measure animals in isolation from other conspecifics—even in social species. Surprisingly, whether behavioural traits measured in isolation are predictive of individual-level behaviour when in social groups is still poorly understood. Here, we repeatedly measured risk-taking behaviour (i.e. boldness; 741 total trials) in both the presence and absence of conspecifics in a social lizard, the delicate skink (Lampropholis delicata). Further, we manipulated food availability during group trials to test whether the effect of the social environment on risk-taking behaviour was mediated by competition over resources. Using 105 lizards collected from three independent populations, we found that individual risk-taking behaviour was repeatable when measured in either social isolation or within groups both with and without food resources available. However, lizards that were bolder during individual trials were not also bolder when in groups, regardless of resource availability. This was largely driven by individual differences in social behavioural plasticity, whereby individual skinks responded differently to the presence of conspecifics. Together, this resulted in a rank order change of individual behavioural types across the social conditions. Our results highlight the importance of the social environment in mediating animal personality traits across varying levels of resource availability. Further, these findings suggest that behavioural traits when measured in isolation, may not reflect individual variation in behaviour when measured in more ecologically realistic social groups. The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s00442-022-05269-7.
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