Production and provenance of architectural glass from the Umayyad period.
Production and provenance of architectural glass from the Umayyad period.
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DOI：
10.1371/journal.pone.0239732
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发表时间：
2020
期刊：
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Schibille N
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Adlington LW;Ritter M;Schibille N
一个大的组合（n = 307）的建筑玻璃（tesserae和窗口）从早期的8世纪倭马亚居住在Khirbat基地明亚网站进行了分析，激光烧蚀电感耦合等离子体质谱。微量元素的模式是必不可少的，以建立原产地的基础玻璃，而着色和遮光添加剂的比较评估，使我们能够推进生产模式的玻璃马赛克镶嵌在早期伊斯兰时期。主要的玻璃类型是Levantine I和Egypt 1a，以及一些更古老的，重复使用的镶嵌玻璃，以及用于琥珀色窗户碎片的美索不达米亚植物灰玻璃。化学数据揭示了埃及和黎凡特镶嵌块之间的着色和不透明技术的根本差异。埃及1a镶嵌块中的铅和铋以及铜、锡和锌的共同变化为在一个专门制造不同颜色镶嵌块的车间中生产不同的马赛克颜色提供了第一个证据。在黎凡特样品中没有这种趋势。红色、钴蓝色和金色的叶子镶嵌块被发现完全由黎凡特基础玻璃制成，这表明某些颜色的产生可能是一个专门的过程。同样的情况也适用于美索不达米亚琥珀色的窗玻璃碎片，它们表现出非常不寻常的特征，结合了高含量的铜（2% CuO）和过量的氧化铁（5% Fe2O3）。这些发现对早期伊斯兰时期强烈彩色玻璃的生产模式和资源开发具有重要意义。
A large assemblage (n = 307) of architectural glasses (tesserae and windows) from the early 8th-century Umayyad residential site at Khirbat al-Minya was analysed by laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. Trace element patterns are essential to establish the provenance of the base glass, while the comparative evaluation of the colouring and opacifying additives allow us to advance a production model for the manufacture of glass mosaic tesserae during the early Islamic period. The primary glass types are Levantine I and Egypt 1a, as well as a few older, reused tesserae, and Mesopotamian plant ash glass used for amber-coloured window fragments. Chemical data revealed fundamental differences in the colouring and opacification technologies between the Egyptian and Levantine tesserae. Co-variations of lead and bismuth, and copper, tin and zinc in the Egypt 1a tesserae provide first evidence for the production of different mosaic colours in a single workshop, specialising in the manufacture of tesserae of different colours. No such trend is apparent in the Levantine samples. Red, cobalt blue and gold leaf tesserae were found to be exclusively made from a Levantine base glass, indicating that the generation of some colours may have been a specialised process. The same may apply to the amber-coloured window glass fragments of Mesopotamian origin that exhibit very unusual characteristics, combining elevated copper (2% CuO) with an excess in iron oxide (5% Fe2O3). These findings have significant implications for the production model of strongly coloured glass and the exploitation of resources during the early Islamic period.
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影响因子：
--
作者：
Adlington, Laura Ware
通讯作者：
Adlington, Laura Ware
影响因子：
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作者：
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