The interplay between glutamatergic circuits and oxytocin neurons in the hypothalamus and its relevance to neurodevelopmental disorders.
The interplay between glutamatergic circuits and oxytocin neurons in the hypothalamus and its relevance to neurodevelopmental disorders.
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DOI：
10.1111/jne.13061
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发表时间：
2021-12
影响因子：
3.2
通讯作者：
Harony-Nicolas H
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Leithead AB;Tasker JG;Harony-Nicolas H
下丘脑的催产素（OXT）神经元是许多生理功能的中心，包括泌乳、子宫收缩、母性和社会行为。在哺乳期的雌性动物中，OXT神经元在哺乳期间表现出一种突发放电和神经元间同步的模式，导致OXT脉冲释放到血液中以刺激乳汁喷射。这种放电模式和群体同步可能在一定程度上是由下丘脑谷氨酸回路促进的，正如在体外使用雄性大鼠和新生儿的大脑切片所观察到的那样。然而，目前尚不清楚下丘脑谷氨酸能回路在哺乳期外如何影响OXT细胞的活性。在本文中，我们综述了描述OXT神经元同步爆发放电模式的体内和体外研究，以及下丘脑谷氨酸在这种放电模式中的意义。我们也注意到一些研究已经追踪谷氨酸传入到下丘脑室旁核和视上核。最后，我们讨论了涉及神经发育障碍（包括自闭症谱系障碍）的几种谷氨酸能基因的遗传发现，从而强调了未来研究这些突变对下丘脑谷氨酸能回路和OXT系统的影响的必要性。下丘脑的催产素（OXT）神经元参与多种生理功能，包括泌乳、子宫收缩、母性和社会行为。在哺乳期间，下丘脑的催产素神经元同步爆发，导致催产素脉冲释放到血液中，刺激乳汁排出。在体内和体外模型中，谷氨酸已被证明影响催产素神经活动的这种模式。下丘脑外谷氨酸能输入支配催产素神经元，但它们在哺乳期外调节催产素神经活动中的作用尚不完全清楚，鉴于最近发现的几个编码谷氨酸能突触成分的ndd风险基因，它们可能与神经发育障碍（ndd）有关。我们建议，未来的研究旨在剖析谷氨酸回路在调节OXT系统和调节社会行为中的作用，这将增强我们对OXT系统功能机制的理解，并且研究ndd相关突变对OXT系统的影响有可能揭示新的病理生理学，可能是潜在的社会行为缺陷。
Oxytocin (OXT) neurons of the hypothalamus are at the center of several physiological functions, including milk ejection, uterus contraction, and maternal and social behavior. In lactating females, OXT neurons show a pattern of burst firing and inter‐neuron synchronization during suckling that leads to pulsatile release of surges of OXT into the bloodstream to stimulate milk ejection. This pattern of firing and population synchronization may be facilitated in part by hypothalamic glutamatergic circuits, as has been observed in vitro using brain slices obtained from male rats and neonates. However, it remains unknown how hypothalamic glutamatergic circuits influence OXT cell activity outside the context of lactation. In this review, we summarize the in vivo and in vitro studies that describe the synchronized burst firing pattern of OXT neurons and the implication of hypothalamic glutamate in this pattern of firing. We also make note of the few studies that have traced glutamatergic afferents to the hypothalamic paraventricular and supraoptic nuclei. Finally, we discuss the genetic findings implicating several glutamatergic genes in neurodevelopmental disorders, including autism spectrum disorder, thus underscoring the need for future studies to investigate the impact of these mutations on hypothalamic glutamatergic circuits and the OXT system. Oxytocin (OXT) neurons of the hypothalamus are involved in several physiological functions, including milk ejection, uterus contraction, and maternal and social behavior. Synchronized, burst firing of oxytocin neurons in the hypothalamus during lactation leads to pulsatile release of oxytocin into the bloodstream to stimulate milk ejection. Glutamate has been shown to influence this pattern of oxytocin neural activity in both in vivo and in vitro models. Extrahypothalamic glutamatergic inputs innervate oxytocin neurons, yet their role in modulating oxytocin neural activity outside the context of lactation is not fully understood and could be of relevance for neurodevelopmental disorders (NDDs), given the recent discoveries of several NDDs‐risk genes encoding for glutamatergic synaptic components. We propose that future studies directed at dissecting the role of glutamatergic circuits in regulating the OXT system and modulating social behaviors will enhance our understanding of the mechanisms of function of the OXT system, and that investigating the impact of NDDs‐associated mutation on the OXT system has the potential to uncover new pathophysiology that could be underlying social behavior deficits.
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影响因子：
3.2
作者：
Ponzio TA;Ni Y;Montana V;Parpura V;Hatton GI
通讯作者：
Hatton GI
影响因子：
64.8
作者：
Carcea I;Caraballo NL;Marlin BJ;Ooyama R;Riceberg JS;Mendoza Navarro JM;Opendak M;Diaz VE;Schuster L;Alvarado Torres MI;Lethin H;Ramos D;Minder J;Mendoza SL;Bair-Marshall CJ;Samadjopoulos GH;Hidema S;Falkner A;Lin D;Mar A;Wadghiri YZ;Nishimori K;Kikusui T;Mogi K;Sullivan RM;Froemke RC
通讯作者：
Froemke RC
影响因子：
6.2
作者：
Bozdagi O;Sakurai T;Papapetrou D;Wang X;Dickstein DL;Takahashi N;Kajiwara Y;Yang M;Katz AM;Scattoni ML;Harris MJ;Saxena R;Silverman JL;Crawley JN;Zhou Q;Hof PR;Buxbaum JD
通讯作者：
Buxbaum JD
影响因子：
2.5
作者：
Boudaba, C;Schrader, LA;Tasker, JG
通讯作者：
Tasker, JG
影响因子：
3.2
作者：
Boudaba, C;Di, S;Tasker, JG
通讯作者：
Tasker, JG