Lewis acid enhancement by hydrogen-bond donors for asymmetric catalysis.

Lewis acid enhancement by hydrogen-bond donors for asymmetric catalysis.
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DOI:
10.1126/science.aao5894
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发表时间:
2017-11-10
期刊:
Science (New York, N.Y.)
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Jacobsen EN
Jacobsen EN
中科院分区:
其他
文献类型:
--
作者:
Banik SM;Levina A;Hyde AM;Jacobsen EN

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Small molecule dual hydrogen-bond (H-bond) donors such as ureas, thioureas, squaramides, and guanidinium ions enjoy widespread use as effective catalysts for promoting a variety of enantioselective reactions. However, these catalysts are only weakly acidic, and therefore require highly reactive electrophilic substrates in order to be effective. We introduce here a mode of catalytic activity with chiral H-bond donors that enables enantioselective reactions of relatively unreactive electrophiles. Squaramides are shown to interact with silyl triflates by binding the triflate counterion to form a stable yet highly Lewis acidic complex. The silyl triflate-chiral squaramide combination promotes the generation of oxocarbenium intermediates from acetal substrates at low temperatures. Enantioselectivity in nucleophile additions to the cationic intermediates is then controlled through a network of non-covalent interactions between the squaramide catalyst and the oxocarbenium triflate.
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