Worry alters speed-accuracy tradeoffs but does not impair sustained attention.
Worry alters speed-accuracy tradeoffs but does not impair sustained attention.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.brat.2020.103597
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发表时间：
2020-05
影响因子：
4.1
通讯作者：
Caulfield MK
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Hallion LS;Kusmierski SN;Caulfield MK
实验表明，焦虑与一系列认知后果有关，包括工作记忆、抑制和认知控制方面的损害。然而，研究结果好坏参半，担忧对其他现象学相关构念的影响，如持续注意力，受到的关注较少。潜在的混淆，如速度和准确性的权衡也很少受到关注，心理测量学和相关的设计考虑，以及特质担忧之外的潜在调节因素也很少受到关注。本研究调查了实验诱导的焦虑与中性控制条件对持续注意力的速度-准确性权衡校正性能的影响（88名参与者；受试者内）。在验证性分析和探索性分析中分别探讨了焦虑特质和正念特质的调节作用。相对于中性的比较条件，焦虑导致更快和更不准确的反应。在考虑速度-准确性权衡后，条件或特质担忧对持续注意没有主要影响。在探索性分析中，更高的特质正念与更好的焦虑后表现显著相关，包括在控制特质焦虑、一般痛苦和中性后表现之后，并对多重比较进行校正。后续分析探索了可分离的正念方面，发现了当下注意力和焦虑后表现之间的牢固关系。未来的研究应该通过实验操纵正念方面来探索因果关系并为治疗发展提供信息。
Worry has been experimentally linked to a range of cognitive consequences, including impairments in working memory, inhibition, and cognitive control. However, findings are mixed, and the effects of worry on other phenomenologically-relevant constructs, such as sustained attention, have received less attention. Potential confounds such as speed-accuracy tradeoffs have also received little attention, as have psychometric and related design considerations, and potential moderators beyond trait worry. The present study investigated the effects of experimentally-induced worry versus a neutral control condition on speed-accuracy tradeoff-corrected performance on a validated measure of sustained attention (88 participants; within-subjects). Moderation by trait worry and trait mindfulness was probed in confirmatory and exploratory analyses, respectively. Worry led to faster and less accurate responding relative to the neutral comparison condition. There was no main effect of condition or trait worry on sustained attention after accounting for speed-accuracy tradeoffs. In exploratory analyses, higher trait mindfulness was robustly related to better post-worry performance, including after controlling for trait worry, general distress, and post-neutral performance, and correction for multiple comparisons. Follow-up analyses exploring dissociable mindfulness facets found a robust relationship between present-moment attention and post-worry performance. Future research should experimentally manipulate mindfulness facets to probe causality and inform treatment development.
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影响因子：
2.9
作者：
Gazzellini S;Dettori M;Amadori F;Paoli B;Napolitano A;Mancini F;Ottaviani C
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DOI：
10.1111/j.2517-6161.1995.tb02031.x
发表时间：
1995-01-01
影响因子：
5.8
作者：
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通讯作者：
HOCHBERG, Y
DOI：
10.1073/pnas.0900234106
发表时间：
2009-05-26
影响因子：
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作者：
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