Potential targets aimed at by spitting cobras when deterring predators from attacking
Potential targets aimed at by spitting cobras when deterring predators from attacking
复制标题
吐痰眼镜蛇在阻止捕食者攻击时瞄准的潜在目标
DOI:
10.1007/s00359-013-0796-8
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发表时间:
2013
期刊:
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Bleckmann H
中科院分区:
文献类型:
--
作者:
Berthé RA;Westhoff G;Bleckmann H
When threatened, spitting cobras eject venom towards the face of an aggressor. To uncover the relevant cues used by cobras for face recognition we determined how often artificial targets equipped with or without eyes elicited spitting behavior. In addition, we measured whether and how target shape and size influenced the spitting behavior of cobras. Results show that oval- and round-shaped targets were most effective, while triangles with the same surface area as oval ‘face like’ targets hardly elicited spitting. The likelihood of spitting depended on neither the presence, the spatial arrangement (horizontal or vertical) nor the surface texture (shiny or matt) of glass eyes. Most likely, cobras do not specifically aim at the eyes of an offender but at the center of the body part closest to them. As this is usually the face of an animal, this strategy will result in at least one eye of the offender being hit most of the time.
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影响因子:
4.1
作者:
W. Wüster;S. Crookes;I. Ineich;Y. Mané;C. Pook;J. Trape;D. Broadley
通讯作者:
D. Broadley
DOI:
--
发表时间:
1958
期刊:
影响因子:
--
作者:
D. Broadley
通讯作者:
D. Broadley
DOI:
--
发表时间:
1993
期刊:
Journal of Toxicology Clinical Toxicology
影响因子:
--
作者:
Mohammad Ismail;Abdullah M. Al;Ayman M. El;Mohammad A. Abd
通讯作者:
Mohammad A. Abd
DOI:
--
发表时间:
--
期刊:
影响因子:
--
作者:
T. Barbour
通讯作者:
T. Barbour
影响因子:
3.3
作者:
D. Warrell;L. Ormerod
通讯作者:
L. Ormerod