Infant word segmentation and childhood vocabulary development: a longitudinal analysis.

Infant word segmentation and childhood vocabulary development: a longitudinal analysis.
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婴儿分词和儿童词汇发展:纵向分析。

DOI:
10.1111/j.1467-7687.2012.01141.x
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发表时间:
2012
影响因子:
3.7
通讯作者:
Xuehua,Liang
Xuehua,Liang
中科院分区:
心理学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Singh,Leher;StevenReznick,J;Xuehua,Liang

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婴儿在7.5个月大的时候开始从语音中分割新单词,表现出在较大单元的背景下跟踪、编码和提取单词的能力。尽管在这个阶段单词识别被认为是构建词汇的先决条件,但这两个发展阶段之间的连续性还没有得到实证证明。本研究的目的是调查婴儿的分词技能是否确实与后来的词汇发展有关。两项复杂程度不同的分词任务是在婴儿期进行的,并与儿童结果测量有关。结果测量包括以年龄为标准的生产性词汇百分位数和认知发展的测量。结果表明,7个月的婴儿分词能力与24个月的产出性词汇量之间存在很强的关联性。此外,根据24个月时的中位数词汇量和成长轨迹来定义的结果组,在婴儿时期表现出明显的单词切分能力。这些发现提供了第一个支持婴儿分词任务预测有效性的前瞻性证据,并表明它们确实与成熟的单词知识有关。本文的视频摘要可在http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jxzLi5oLZQ8.上查看
Infants begin to segment novel words from speech by 7.5 months, demonstrating an ability to track, encode and retrieve words in the context of larger units. Although it is presumed that word recognition at this stage is a prerequisite to constructing a vocabulary, the continuity between these stages of development has not yet been empirically demonstrated. The goal of the present study is to investigate whether infant word segmentation skills are indeed related to later lexical development. Two word segmentation tasks, varying in complexity, were administered in infancy and related to childhood outcome measures. Outcome measures consisted of age‐normed productive vocabulary percentiles and a measure of cognitive development. Results demonstrated a strong degree of association between infant word segmentation abilities at 7 months and productive vocabulary size at 24 months. In addition, outcome groups, as defined by median vocabulary size and growth trajectories at 24 months, showed distinct word segmentation abilities as infants. These findings provide the first prospective evidence supporting the predictive validity of infant word segmentation tasks and suggest that they are indeed associated with mature word knowledge.A video abstract of this article can be viewed at http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jxzLi5oLZQ8.
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