Views on ageing: a lifespan perspective.

Views on ageing: a lifespan perspective.
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DOI:
10.1007/s10433-019-00535-9
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发表时间:
2020-12
影响因子:
3.8
通讯作者:
Klusmann V
Klusmann V
中科院分区:
法学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Kornadt AE;Kessler EM;Wurm S;Bowen CE;Gabrian M;Klusmann V

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对衰老的看法 (VoA) 通过影响健康、福祉和寿命,与衰老过程具有特殊的相关性。尽管 VoA 形成于生命早期,但迄今为止,大多数研究都集中在 VoA 如何影响后来的中年和老年人。在这篇理论文章中,我们认为需要一种寿命方法,以便更全面地理解 VoA 的起源、它们如何随个体发生时间变化,以及它们如何在整个生命周期中塑造发育。我们首先明确地将 VoA 与生命周期发展的基本原则联系起来。我们回顾了 VoA 的现有理论并讨论了它们各自的贡献和局限性。然后,我们概述了 VoA 的生命周期方法,该方法整合了现有理论并解决了它们的一些局限性。我们详细阐述了 VoA 生命周期方法的三个核心命题:(1)VoA 的发展是生物进化、心理和社会背景因素之间动态、持续和复杂相互作用的结果;然而,不同来源的相对重要性在整个生命周期中会发生变化; (2) VoA影响整个生命周期的发展;然而,需要考虑不同的结果、机制和时间框架,以便描述和理解其影响; (3) VoA在整个生命周期中都是多维度、多方向和多功能的,但其复杂性、意义和适应性在整个生命周期中发生变化。最后,我们对 VoA 的未来寿命研究提出了建议。
Views on ageing (VoA) have special relevance for the ageing process by influencing health, well-being, and longevity. Although VoA form early in life, so far, most research has concentrated on how VoA affect later middle-aged and older adults. In this theoretical article, we argue that a lifespan approach is needed in order to more fully understand the origins of VoA, how they change over ontogenetic time, and how they shape development across the full breadth of the lifespan. We begin by explicitly linking VoA to fundamental principles of lifespan development. We review existing theories of VoA and discuss their respective contributions and limitations. We then outline a lifespan approach to VoA that integrates existing theories and addresses some of their limitations. We elaborate on three core propositions of a lifespan approach to VoA: (1) VoA develop as the result of a dynamic, ongoing, and complex interaction between biological-evolutionary, psychological, and social-contextual factors; however, the relative importance of different sources changes across the lifespan; (2) VoA impact development across the whole lifespan; however, different outcomes, mechanisms, and time frames need to be considered in order to describe and understand their effects; and (3) VoA are multidimensional, multidirectional, and multifunctional throughout life, but their complexity, meaning, and adaptivity change across the lifespan. We conclude with recommendations for future lifespan research on VoA.
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