Organizational Correctives for Improving Recognition of Near-Miss Events
Organizational Correctives for Improving Recognition of Near-Miss Events
复制标题
提高对未遂事件识别能力的组织纠正措施
DOI：
10.1177/0149206313498905
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发表时间：
2016
影响因子：
13.5
通讯作者：
E. Rogers
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
R. Dillon;C. Tinsley;Peter M. Madsen;E. Rogers
尽管对组织灾难进行了数十年的研究，但此类事件仍然太常见。跨学科的学者们一致认为，防止此类灾难的最可行方法之一是观察未遂事件，并在它们产生大的故障之前利用它们来识别和消除问题。不幸的是，这些重要的警告信号往往被忽视，因为它们被视为成功，而不是接近失败（或接近失败）。在这篇文章中，我们探讨了安全的气候对改善观察员的近距离识别的影响，假设安全气候增加了观察员对产生明显成功结果的基本过程的关注程度。使用数据库的异常报告无人驾驶的NASA任务，我们表明，组织的安全气候和项目的利害关系，增加近错过的报告率，独立和互动。在后续的实验室实验中，我们证实了这些影响的独立性，以提高人们区分未遂结果与成功的可能性。结果表明，组织可以提高认识的近错过与组织的信息，强调积极的安全氛围。
Despite decades of research on organizational disasters, such events remain too common. Scholars across a wide range of disciplines agree that one of the most viable approaches to preventing such catastrophes is to observe near-misses and use them to identify and eliminate problems before they produce large failures. Unfortunately, these important warning signals are too often ignored because they are perceived as successes rather than near-misses (or near-failures). In this article, we explore the effect of a climate for safety on improving near-miss recognition by observers, hypothesizing that safety climate increases the level of attention that observers pay to the underlying processes that generate an apparently successful outcome. Using a database of anomaly reports for unmanned NASA missions, we show that organizational safety climate and project stakes increase reporting rates of near-misses, both independently and interactively. In follow-up laboratory experiments, we confirm the independence of these effects to improve the likelihood that people differentiate near-miss outcomes from successes. Results suggest organizations can increase the recognition of near-misses with organizational messages that emphasize a positive safety climate.
影响因子：
7.6
作者：
BARON, J;HERSHEY, JC
通讯作者：
HERSHEY, JC
影响因子：
7.6
作者：
CHAIKEN, S;MAHESWARAN, D
通讯作者：
MAHESWARAN, D